Allylpyrocatechol, isolated from betel leaf ameliorates thyrotoxicosis in rats by altering thyroid peroxidase and thyrotropin receptors

Abstract

Allylpyrocatechol (APC) was isolated from betel leaf and its possible role in L-thyroxin (L-T 4 )-induced thyrotoxic rats was evaluated. The disease condition, thyrotoxicosis was confirmed by higher levels of thyroid hormones and low thyrotropin (TSH) in serum. Increased hepatic activities of 5′-mono-deiodinase(5′D1), glucose-6-phospatase (G-6-Pase); serum concentrations of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) were observed in thyrotoxic rats. Hepatic lipid peroxidation(LPO) was also increased and the endogenous antioxidants were depleted in these rats. In western blot analysis thyroid peroxidase expression was found to be reduced, whereas thyrotropin receptor(TSHR) expression was enhanced in thyroid gland of these animals. On the other hand, APC treatment in thyrotoxic rats decreased the levels of serum thyroid hormones, ALT, AST, TNF-α and LDH, as well as hepatic 5′ D1 and G-6-Pase activities. However, it increased the serum TSH levels. APC also reduced the hepatic LPO and increased the cellular antioxidants in thyrotoxic rats. However, expression of TSHR was inhibited and TPO was increased by APC. The test compound also improved histological features in both liver and thyroid. Present report appears to be the first one that indicates the positive role of APC in ameliorating T 4 -induced thyrotoxicosis.

Melissa officinalis extract palliates redox imbalance and inflammation associated with hyperthyroidism-induced liver damage by regulating Nrf-2/ Keap-1 gene expression in γ-irradiated rats

“…The obtained data exhibited a notable elevation in the levels of the oxidative stress markers MDA and NO with marked depletion of both non-enzymatic (GSH) and enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and GPx) antioxidants in the hepatic tissues of the hyperthyroid rats due to the prolonged ROS production as well as consumption of the antioxidant defence system components. These results are in line with previous results of Panda et al [ 29 ] and Ashry et al [ 52 ]. Additionally, Kochman et al [ 53 ] reported that the oxidative damage of cellular membrane lipids in hyperthyroid was higher than in euthyroid individuals.…”

“…(L-thyroxine) to rats along with exposure to a single dose of whole-body γ- radiation resulted in increased levels of both T3 and T4 accompanied by a decrease in the TSH levels in the circulating blood. This uncontrolled excessive release of thyroid hormones resulting from a hyperactive or dysfunctional gland is known as hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis [ 28 , 29 ] which may be attributed to the augmented effect of both Elt. and γ- radiation.…”

Syringic acid, a novel thyroid hormone receptor‐β agonist, ameliorates propylthiouracil‐induced thyroid toxicity in rats

“…The levels of serum T 3 , T 4 , and TSH in rats were estimated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method following the instructions attached with each kit, as routinely done in our laboratory. [ 17 ]…”

<p>Potential Allylpyrocatechol Derivatives as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Pathogen of<em> S. sanguinis</em> ATCC 10,556 and as Inhibitor of MurA Enzymes: in vitro and in silico Study</p>

“…Based on the analysis of spectral data and compare data with published papers, the compound was identified as 1,2-dihydroxylallylbenzene (Allylpyrocatechol), as shown in Figure 1. 31,32…”