Aloin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines

Abstract

Purpose Aloin, an anthraquinone present in the aloe species, possesses antiangiogenic, chemopreventive and antioxidant properties. It exerts cytotoxicity against breast cancer and ovarian cancer cell lines. These properties of aloin project it as a chemopreventive adjuvant to anticancer chemotherapy. Methods We evaluated the effect of concurrent oral administration of aloin against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The protective effects of aloin against DOX-induced toxicity were evident as a statistically significant inhibition of a rise in the biochemical markers of myocardial damage including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinasemyocardial band (CK-MB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results Aloin dose dependently inhibited the DOX-induced changes in ECG like increased ST-height and prolonged QT interval. It protected heart against the lipid peroxidation and restored the levels of antioxidative defenses: reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Aloin prominently reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines-TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Notably, the significant protective effects of aloin were evident even at the strikingly lower doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg per day. Conclusion Our results highlight the necessity to further investigate the chemopreventive effects of aloin against other chemotherapeutic agents.

Protective Role of Vitamin B1 in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats: Focus on Hemodynamic, Redox, and Apoptotic Markers in Heart

“…Additionally, there is a report on the investigations of the antioxidant effects of vitamin B 1 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, thus this is the first study demonstrating that 7-day thiamine administration induced significant increment of antioxidants values SOD and GSH in heart tissue compared to its activity in DOX rats. The results of the previously conducted study showed depletion of antioxidative defense in heart tissue after cumulative DOX injection (Birari et al, 2020) which is in line with our findings. Also, Mohammed et al (2020) demonstrated a significantly lower level of GSH in rats` heart tissue treated with DOX compared to control.…”

“…Therefore, the current study investigated the protective role of thiamine (25mg/kg i.p ) against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. This type of cardiomyopathy can be induced in experimental models through different methodologies either by single high dose or multiple lower doses of DOX applied over several days ( Birari et al, 2020 ). In the present work, DOX was administrated in a single cumulative dose (15mg/kg i.p. )…”

“…Physiologically, there is a balance between ROS and antioxidant defense in the body and when it is impaired by either decreased antioxidant levels or increased ROS production, oxidative stress occurs leading to lipid peroxidation metabolites formation, such as aldehydes, alkenes, and malondialdehyde (MDA; Kim et al, 2012 ). In addition, DOX in its own structure possesses quinine and hydroquinone residues, which form semiquinone radical intermediates causing oxidative stress and diminished antioxidant defense ( Birari et al, 2020 ).…”

Cardiovascular Toxicity Induced by Chronic Vincristine Treatment

“…The results obtained in the present study show that treatment with vincristine causes a significant increase in the expressions of TNFα, eNOS, iNOS, and connexin 43 in the cardiac tissue of animals. Similar results have been obtained with other antitumor drugs such as doxorubicin ( Lim, 2013 ; Bin Jardan et al, 2020 ; Birari et al, 2020 ), sunitinib ( Aldemir et al, 2020 ), and cisplatin ( El-Hawwary and Omar, 2019 ). On the other hand, enhanced oxidative stress, inflammation, and upregulation of TNFα, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) have been associated with vincristine-induced neurotoxicity of the peripheral nervous system ( Gong et al, 2016 ; Vashistha et al, 2017 ; Qin et al, 2020 ; Geisler, 2021 ).…”

Anticancer Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Insights and Pharmacogenetics

“…Radiation therapy is used to treat diseases such as lymphoma, breast cancer, thymoma, high and low respiratory tracts, and esophageal and gastric lesions, among others. Radiation therapy-induced heart disease, on the other hand, was most typically detected after radiotherapy for malignant tumors in the chest, particularly left breast cancer [ 158 ]. Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women, impacting women all over the world.…”