Alpha-Amylase Inhibition and Antioxidative Capacity of Some Antidiabetic Plants Used by the Traditional Healers in Southeastern Nigeria

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome including diabetes mellitus (DM). The inhibition of alpha-amylase is an important therapeutic target in the regulation of postprandial increase of blood glucose in diabetic patients. The present study investigated the alpha-amylase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of selected herbal drugs used in the treatment of DM by the traditional healers in Isiala Mbano and Ikwuano regions of southeastern Nigeria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in terms of free radical scavenging, reducing power, and total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) in consonance with the TLC profiling. The results showed that methanol crude extracts from Anacardium occidentale (AO) and Ceiba pentandra (CP) recorded higher TPC and TFC, potent free radical scavenging, and efficient reducing power (RP) as compared with other plant samples. All the plant extracts exhibited a relative alpha-amylase inhibition apart from Strophanthus hispidus (SH) extract with a negative effect. We discovered a mild to weak correlation between alpha-amylase inhibition or antioxidative capacity and the total phenol or flavonoid content. At least in part, the results obtained in this work support the traditional use of certain plant species in the treatment of patients with DM.

Facile green synthesis approach for the production of chromium oxide nanoparticles and their different in vitro biological activities

“…Beside PK inhibition assay, alpha‐amylase (AA) inhibition potency was determined for Cr 2 O 3 NPs using different concentrations ranging from 25 to 1,000 μg/ml. The AA plays a significant role in the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose (Yao et al, ), therefore blocking or inhibiting activity of AA can prevent the level of glucose formation, thus providing new insights into nano level treatment of diabetes (Oyedemi et al, ). In our study, biogenic Cr 2 O 3 NPs were explored for their AA inhibition activity and have determined significant potential by inhibiting AA.…”

Starch Hydrolysis, Polyphenol Contents, and In Vitro Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Properties of Some Nigerian Foods As Affected by Cooking

“…Inhibition of pancreatic α-amylase is one of the therapeutic targets for delaying oligosaccharide digestion to absorbable monosaccharides in the intestine, resulting in reduced postprandial hyperglycemia (1). Therefore, inhibition of α-amylase by aqueous extracts of raw A. auricula-judae , raw unpeeled potato, boiled unpeeled potato, raw peeled potato, boiled peeled potato, and raw sweet potato suggests the potential beneficial use of these plants in the management of diabetes.…”

“…One of the therapeutic approaches that have been found to be useful in the management of type 2 diabetes is reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia through inhibition of the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, such as α-amylase in the digestive tract (1). Synthetic drugs such as acarbose and others that are currently being used to inhibit these enzymes, tend to be non-specific in targeting different glycosidases, thereby producing adverse effects.…”

Bioactivities of phytochemicals in Callistemon citrinus against multi-resistant foodborne pathogens, alpha glucosidase inhibition and MCF-7 cancer cell line

“…Of the three types of diabetes (type-1, type-2 and gestational diabetes), type-2 diabetes is the most prevalent form. The resultant hyperglycaemia and impairment of pancreatic b-cells from secreting sufficient insulin are comorbid with several complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, frequent urination (polyuria), increased thirst (polydipsia), increased hunger (polyphagia), renal impairment, hyperosmolar coma, retinopathy, neuropathy, periodontitis, development of diabetic foot (foot ulcer) and risks of dying prematurely [4,5].…”

“…While it is known that family history, age, early menarche, late menopause, postmenopausal obesity, alcohol consumption, genetic mutations, inherited conditions [57], susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and mammographic breast density are commonly connected with the risk of breast cancer [58,59], the use of xCELLigence can enhance the experimental design to identify the responsiveness and effects of phytochemicals on the cytotoxicity or viability of healthy or cancerous cells in real-time.xCELLigence biosensor technology has now been validated by a range of research groups to investigate multiple complex cellular behaviours and drug responses. This includes drug effects on the viability and migration of tumour cells [1,2] and cell toxicity to drugs [3][4][5].…”