“…Previous research suggests that gamma oscillations track the phonemic rate of speech, theta oscillations are modulated by the syllabic structure, and delta oscillations are sensitive to phrase boundaries (for review, see Kösem & van Wassenhove, 2017), phase-locking of neural oscillations to the phase of external physical stimuli such as speech – and intrinsic synchronization reflecting the generation of predictions of abstract linguistic units such as morphemes and words (see Meyer, Sun & Martin, 2020; Meyer, Grigutsch, Schmuck, Gaston & Friederici, 2015; and related commentaries). At higher levels of language processing, neural oscillations have been used to study: (i) semantic and syntactic structure building, including scenarios where such structure building is disrupted by semantic and syntactic anomalies (Bastiaansen, Magyari & Hagoort, 2010; Davidson & Indefrey, 2007; Lewis, Schoffelen, Schriefers & Bastiaansen, 2016; Kielar et al, 2014; Kielar, Panamsky, Links & Meltzer, 2015), (ii) anticipatory (Piai, Anderson, Lin, Dewar, Parvizi, Dronkers & Knight, 2016; Rommers, Dickson, Norton, Wlotko & Federmeier, 2017) and referential processing (Meyer et al, 2015; Nieuwland & Martin, 2017), (iii) situationally dependent and nonliteral language (Akimoto, Takahashi, Gunji, Kaneko, Asano, Matsuo, Ota, Kunugi, Hanakawa, Mazuka & Kamio, 2017; Canal, Pesciarelli, Vespignani, Molinaro & Cacciari, 2017) and (iv) working memory pertaining to sentence level meaning comprehension (Meltzer & Braun, 2011; Vassileiou, Meyer, Beese & Friederici, 2018; Rommers & Federmeier, 2018) as well as the role of the sensorimotor networks in language comprehension (Lam, Bastiaansen, Dijkstra & Rueschemeyer, 2017; Moreno, de Vega & León, 2013; Moreno, de Vega, León, Bastiaansen, Lewis & Magyari, 2015).…”