Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Effect of non-oil-seed pulses on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled experimental trials in people with and without diabetes

“…Pulses given alone or as part of low-GI or high-fibre diets were found to improve the main markers of long-term glycaemic control, namely, GP (HbA 1c or fructosamine) by pulses in low-GI and high-fibre diets and FBG by pulses given alone or as part of high-fibre diets. The magnitude of the benefit conferred in terms of the normalisation of HbA 1c approached the 0.58-0.77% reduction reported for acarbose in two recent meta-analyses in type 2 diabetes [8,65], which was found to be related to reduced cardiovascular events [8]. If we calculate the mean absolute reduction in HbA 1c in people with type 2 diabetes in the present analysis (mean difference HbA 1c ¼ SMDGP Â pooled SD HbA 1c ), then the SMD reductions in GP for pulses in low-GI and high-fibre diets correspond to an absolute reduction in HbA 1c of~0.48%, a reduction that exceeds the clinically meaningful threshold (≥0.3%) proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration [66] and lies at the lower limit of efficacy expected for oral agents [1].…”

The most abundant polyphenol of soy leaves, coumestrol, displays potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity

“…In a previous study, we reported that pterocarpan-derived species displayed potent suppression of LDL oxidation, which we linked to the anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory nature of soybean plant (Lee, Seo et al, 2006). a-Glucosidase inhibitors have come to the fore of biomedical research into the treatment of numerous diseases, including diabetes mellitus type II (van de Laar et al, 2005), cancer (Fernandes, Sagman, Auger, Demetrio, & Dennis, 1991), and HIV (Seiichiro, Ayako, Takashi, Hideya, & Hironobu, 2001). The diverse therapeutic roles of these inhibitors stem from the paramount role played by carbohydrates in biochemistry (Braun, Brayer, & Withers, 1995).…”

Saxagliptin is similar in glycaemic variability more effective in metabolic control than acarbose in aged type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin

“…All of these may contribute to saxagliptin's more effective in reducing HbA1c and FBG. Other studies reported DPP-4 inhibitors and α-glucosidase inhibitors have similar glucose-lowering effect [18][19] . This discrepancy may be attributed to the different subjects as well as different background treatments.…”