Alpha linolenic acid in cholesterol esters: a marker of alphalinolenic acid intake in newborns

Babin, F.; Rodriguez, Annie; Sarda, Pierre; Vandeputte, B.; Mendy, F.; Descomps, Bernard

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601100

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This observation can be related to the exogenous supply of this fatty acid present in the supplemented formula. The same occurred in plasma CE and the difference was very significant at each time point, in agreement with the observation that 18:3 n-3 in CE reflects the nutritional intake of this fatty acid in infants (Babin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Preterm infant formula supplementation with α linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Rodriguez¹,

Raederstorff

Sarda

et al. 2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To investigate if supplementation of preterm infant formula with a high docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) ratio together with a-linolenic acid (ALA) was able to maintain plasma and red blood cell DHA levels similar to that obtained with breast milk feeding without altering n-6 fatty acid status. Design and subjects: Preterm infants of mothers who elected not to breast feed (n ¼ 13) were assigned to ALA-and DHAenriched formula (DHA group: DHA/EPA ¼ 5/l). Infants fed breast milk (n ¼ 25) constituted a reference group (BM group). Anthropometric and fatty acid parameters (plasma phospholipids, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and red blood cell phosphatidylethanolamine, PL, CE, TG, RBC-PE, respectively) were obtained after 2 days (D2) and 15 days (D15) of enteral feeding and at the 37th week (W37) of post-conception age and 1 month later (W37+30) in the DHA group. Mean DHA intake ranged between 16.571.6 and 17.972.9 mg/kg/day between D2 and W37+30. Results: At W37, infant weights, heights, and head circumferences were similar in DHA and BM groups. PL DHA was maintained in the DHA group at the same level as in the BM group and the same for DHA in PE at W37. In RBC-PE and at W37, AA status was the same in both groups. In PL, AA levels remained very stable throughout the study; however, in the DHA group AA levels in PL remained in the range observed with standard formulas. Conclusion: The combined 18:3 n-3 and DHA supplementation of infant formula with DHA/EPA ratio 5/l is compatible with growth and n-3 fatty acid metabolism similar to that of preterm infants fed human milk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Preterm infant formula supplementation with α linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Rodriguez¹,

Raederstorff

Sarda

et al. 2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Very few studies on MA supplements given in appropriate levels to human subjects have been published: Hughes et al (1996) studied an intake of 8 g/d stable-isotope-labelled MA that was 3·6 %TE. Another study (Billeaud et al 1997;Babin et al 2000) was carried out in premature neonates with experimental milk enriched with ALA and supplying 1·8 %TE in the form of MA mainly in the sn-2 position. Intakes of other fatty acids corresponded to levels considered to be neutral (De Lorgeril et al 1994;Hu et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in daily intakes of myristic and α-linolenic acids in sn-2 position modify lipid profile and red blood cell membrane fluidity

Dabadie

Motta²,

Peuchant

et al. 2006

Br J Nutr

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The present study evaluated the effects of moderate intakes of myristic acid (MA), at 1·2 % and 1·8 % of total energy (TE), associated with a 0·9 % TE intake of a-linolenic acid (ALA) on lipid and fatty acid profiles and red blood cell membrane fluidity. Twenty-nine monks without dyslipidaemia were enrolled in a 1-year nutritional study in which two experimental diets were tested for 3 months each: diet 1, MA 1·2 % and ALA 0·9 %; diet 2, MA 1·8 % and ALA 0·9 %. A control diet (MA 1·2 %, ALA 0·4 %) was given 3 months before diets 1 and 2. Thus, two different levels of MA (1·2 %, 1·8 %) and ALA (0·4 %, 0·9 %) were tested. Intakes of other fatty acids were at recommended levels. Samples were obtained on completion of all three diets. For fluidity analysis, the red blood cells were labelled with 16-doxylstearate and the probe incorporated the membrane where relaxation-correlation time was calculated. Diet 1 was associated with a decrease in total cholesterol, in LDL-cholesterol, in triacylglycerols and in the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol; ALA and EPA levels were increased in both phospholipids and cholesterol esters. Diet 2 was associated with a decrease in triacylglycerols and in the ratios of total to HDL-cholesterol and of triacylglycerols to HDL-cholesterol, and with an increase in HDL-cholesterol; EPA levels were decreased in phospholipids and cholesterol esters. Red blood cell membrane fluidity was increased in both diets (P,0·0001), but the higher increase was obtained with diet 1, mainly in the oldest subjects. Intakes of myristic acid (1·2 %TE) and ALA (0·9 %TE), both mainly in the sn-2 position, were associated with favourable lipid and n-3 long-chain fatty acid profiles. These beneficial effects coexisted with particularly high membrane fluidity, especially among the oldest subjects. It has been clearly shown by many epidemiological studies that high saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption has atherogenic effects and promotes CHD (Keys, 1980;Sandker, 1992;Ascherio et al. 1996). These effects may be mediated to a certain extent by fatty acid-induced changes in serum lipid levels, especially of LDL-cholesterol or HDL-cholesterol, oxidative status, haemostasis, blood pressure and membrane fluidity. The results of these studies have been used to make specific dietary recommendations for the prevention and treatment of CHD leading to a change in eating habits (Krauss et al. 2000). Recent data have, however, shown that: each SFA has its own characteristics, so they should not be considered collectively (Hu et al. 1999); the atherogenicity of a given SFA might depend on the intake of another fatty acid (e.g. linoleic acid (LIA); Clandinin et al. 2000); certain SFA might increase the synthesis of very-long-chain derivate PUFA (Jan et al. 2004).No study on myristic acid (MA) to date has been conducted with intakes corresponding to those of real life (Tholstrup et al. 1994;Zock et al. 1994;Mensink et al. 2003). It is widely held that, beyond 4 % of total energy (TE), MA leads to an increase in total and LDL-cho...

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“…Dans une étude d'intervention chez des enfants prématurés qui recevaient une formule enrichie en 18:3n-3, Babin et al [22] ont trouvé une corrélation très significative (r = 0,66 ; p < 0,0001) entre le pourcentage de 18:3n-3 présent dans les EC du plasma au 15 e jour de l'étude et la quantité cumulée de 18:3n-3 ingérée pendant cette période.…”

Section: Articleunclassified

Composition en acide alphalinolénique des esters de cholestérol plasmatiques : un marqueur de consommation chez l’homme

Combe

Delplanque

Tanguy

et al. 2002

OCL

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Sandker et al. [12], sur deux groupes d'hommes âgés, issus des cohortes crétoises (Seven Countries Study) et hollandaises (Zutphen Study), a permis de faire émerger l'intérêt de ce marqueur biologique. En moyenne, le pourcentage de 18:3n-3 mesuré dans les EC plasmatiques des Crétois était significativement plus élevé comparé à celui des Hollandais (0,9 % vs 0,32 % des acides gras), dont la cohorte présentait un taux de mortalité coronarienne 5 fois plus grand que celui de la cohorte crétoise. En outre, l'étude cas-témoins de Simon et al.[10] a montré en 1995 qu'un taux plasmatique de 18:3n-3 élevé était associé à une réduction de 37 % du risque d'accident vasculaire cérébral. Après analyse multivariée pour prendre en compte les facteurs de confusion, susceptibles d'interférer dans le risque étudié, seul le pourcentage de 18:3n-3 dans les EC plasmatiques restait inversement associé au risque d'accident vasculaire cérébral (p < 0,05). De même, l'étude d'intervention de Bemelmans et al. [13], destinée à la prévention MCV chez des sujets à risques, a récemment montré que le pourcentage de 18:3n-3 dans les EC du plasma était inversement associé à la pression diastolique (p < 0,05). Il ressort de l'ensemble de ces données que le niveau d'acide alphalinolénique souhaitable dans les EC du plasma se situerait entre 0,4 et 0,9 % par rapport aux acides gras totaux liés au cholestérol.Article disponible sur le site http://www.ocl-journal.org ou http://dx

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Alpha linolenic acid in cholesterol esters: a marker of alphalinolenic acid intake in newborns

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Preterm infant formula supplementation with α linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Preterm infant formula supplementation with α linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Variations in daily intakes of myristic and α-linolenic acids in sn-2 position modify lipid profile and red blood cell membrane fluidity

Composition en acide alphalinolénique des esters de cholestérol plasmatiques : un marqueur de consommation chez l’homme

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