Alpine disturbance studies: Olympic national park, USA

Bell, Katherine L.; Bliss, L. C.

doi:10.1016/0006-3207(73)90051-7

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The data confirm the results of earlier studies that indicate that the impacts differ depending on the intensity of usage (Bratton et al, 1977), the different vegetation and soil types and different drainage (Bell and Bliss, 1973;Dale and Weaver, 1974;Bratton et al, 1977;Bryan, 1977;Trudgill, 1977;Summer, 1980). The greatest soil loss occurred in eucalypt forests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It is generally accepted that alpine areas are more subject to trampling damage than most other environments (Bell and Bliss, 1973;Liddle, 1975). However, the amount and type of damage varies in different vegetation types, ranging from shearing of prostrate shrubs with as little as 20-30 horse passes (Whinam et al, 1994) to up to 16 cm depth lost from the soil profile in established horse trails in Australian alpine areas (Gillieson et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Impact of Commercial Horse Riding on Sub-Alpine Environments at Cradle Mountain, Tasmania, Australia

Whinam

Comfort

1996

Journal of Environmental Management

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Impact of Commercial Horse Riding on Sub-Alpine Environments at Cradle Mountain, Tasmania, Australia

Whinam

Comfort

1996

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…As a result, some alpine vegetation types may be significantly more resistant than sub-alpine and low-elevation types, due to the larger proportion of turf-forming graminoids [75,76]. However, Bell and Bliss [77] concluded that the other alpine vegetation types are less resistant, so studies show a diverse resistance to trampling amongst species. In this research, all species in the Czerwone Wierchy Peaks showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) change between trampled and reference plants, which was visible in the reflectance spectrum curves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Tourist Traffic on the Condition and Cell Structures of Alpine Swards

Kycko

Zagajewski

Lavender³

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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This research focuses on the effect of trampling on vegetation in high-mountain ecosystems through the electromagnetic spectrum's interaction with plant pigments, cell structure, water content and other substances that have a direct impact on leaf properties. The aim of the study was to confirm with the use of fluorescence methods of variability in the state of high-mountain vegetation previously measured spectrometrically. The most heavily visited part of the High Tatras in Poland was divided into polygons and, after selecting the dominant species within alpine swards, a detailed analysis of trampled and reference patterns was performed. The Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) FieldSpec 3/4 were used to acquire high-resolution spectral properties of plants, their fluorescence and the leaf chlorophyll content with the difference between the plant surface temperature (ts), and the air temperature (ta) as well as fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fAPAR) used as reference data. The results show that, along tourist trails, vegetation adapts to trampling with the impact depending on the species. A lower chlorophyll value was confirmed by a decrease in fluorescence, and the cellular structures were degraded in trampled compared to reference species, with a lower leaf reflectance. In addition, at the extreme, trampling can eliminate certain species such as Luzula alpino-pilosa, for which significant changes were noted due to trampling.

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“…It has been generally demonstrated that alpine areas are more susceptible to trampling damage than most other environments (Bell and Bliss, 1973;Liddle, 1975). In particularly severe alpine environments, after the soil surface is exposed, processes such as frost heave, sheetwash and soil creep can be virtually the sole determinants of the rate of erosion, regardless of the level of use (Summer, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%