Alteration history of Mount Epomeo Green Tuff and a related polymictic breccia, Ischia Island, Italy: evidence for debris avalanche

Altaner, Stephen P.; Demosthenous, C.; Pozzuoli, A.; Rolandi, G.

doi:10.1007/s00445-013-0718-1

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our block of MEGT is therefore similar in mineral con- tent to the clasts (pebble-to boulder-sized) of MEGT found in polymictic breccia that covers large portions of the area from just downslope of the summit of Mt. Epomeo to the southern coast several km away [Altaner et al 2013]. This mineral content indicates a high alteration temperature (> 70°C) in a mostly closed chemical system [Altaner et al 2013].…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Epomeo to the southern coast several km away [Altaner et al 2013]. This mineral content indicates a high alteration temperature (> 70°C) in a mostly closed chemical system [Altaner et al 2013]. Our XRPD analysis also found subordinate calcite (1 wt.%) and cristobalite (< 1 wt.%) (Table 1) and our microstructural analysis highlighted the presence of iron and titanium oxides Table 1 -Quantitative bulk mineralogical composition, determined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), for the "as collected" (i.e.…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire resistance of the Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff, a widely-used building stone on Ischia Island (Italy)

Heap¹,

Kushnir²,

Griffiths³

et al. 2018

Volcanica

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The use of Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff (MEGT) as a building stone is widespread on Ischia Island (Italy). We assess here the fire resistance of MEGT by thermally stressing samples to temperatures up to 1000°C. Porosity and uniaxial compressive strength increase and decrease from 44% and 4.5 MPa at ambient temperature to 48% and 1.5 MPa following exposure to 1000°C, respectively. Complementary thermogravimetric and X-ray powder diffraction analyses, experiments that monitor acoustic emissions during heating/cooling, and microstructural observations highlight that these changes are the result of thermal microcracks, formed due to the breakdown of zeolites and clays (MEGT contains 35 wt.% analcime, 15 wt.% smectite, and 3 wt.% illite) at high temperature. Although the stability of structures built from MEGT will be jeopardised at high temperature, a very low thermal diffusivity requires that fires must burn for many hours to compromise the strength of a typical dimension stone: tuffs are tough in the event of fire. Résumé Le tuf vert de Mt. Epomeo (MEGT) est très utilisé comme matériau de construction dans l'ile d'Ischia (Italie). Nous avons analysé la résistance au feu du MEGT en soumettant cette roche à des traitements thermiques à des températures allant jusqu'à 1000°C. Si la porosité du MEGT augmente de 44% à température ambiante, à 48% à 1000°C, sa résistance en compression uniaxiale décroit de 4,5 à 1,5 MPa sur le même intervalle de température. Des analyses thermogravimétriques et par diffractométrie de rayons X, l'enregistrement des émissions acoustiques durant le chauffage et le refroidissement, ainsi que des observations de la microstructure montrent que les changements observés sur le MEGT après traitement thermique sont liés au développement de microfissures. Ces microfissures se forment à cause de la rupture des zéolites et des argiles à haute température. Le MEGT contient 35% d'analcime, 15% de smectite et 3% d'illite. Bien que la stabilité de structures construites avec le MEGT puisse être compromise à haute température, la très faible diffusivité thermique de cette roche nécessite un incendie très long (plusieurs heures) pour vraiment réduire la résistance des blocs de roche typiquement utilisés dans les édifices de l'ile d'Ischia. Le tuf peut de ce fait être considéré comme une roche résistante en cas d'incendie.

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Section: Experimental Materials and Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire resistance of the Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff, a widely-used building stone on Ischia Island (Italy)

Heap¹,

Kushnir²,

Griffiths³

et al. 2018

Volcanica

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“…Mineralogical, chemical, and textural features on green-tuff as well as details on geological history of the Ciglio area were available in ref. [18].…”

Section: Concept Of Sustainability and Rural Area Of Cigliomentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Protection Legislation and Sustainable Development of a Rural Green-Tuff Village of Ischia Island

Verde¹,

D’Avino²,

Sabbarese³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Radiological risk affect the quality of the environment in buildings since population and workers can be potentially exposed to high level of dose. Radon gas emanated from both subsoil and building materials represents the most important source of radiation exposure for people. This study investigates the sustainability concept of a small rural village of Ischia Island, named Ciglio, in relation to the radiological risk. Radon activity concentration was measured in typical green tuff dwellings and in water samples collected from a local spring using E-Perm devices. Moreover, for green-tuff as building material, the radon emanation coefficient was calculated by gamma spectroscopy. The results highlight the importance to perform environmental radon monitoring and to investigate the radon content of building materials, especially in geographical areas characterized by traditional use of typical stones for constructions. In conclusion, the sustainability development of rural buildings is possible if the radiological risk for inhabitants and workers was assessed.

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“…Previous studies showed that zeolites can be transported and deposited at hundreds of kilometers away from their formation site: zeolites present in hemipelagic sediment of the western North Atlantic were interpreted as being detrital (Houghton et al, 1979), and Zúñiga et al (2007) identified a fine-grained turbidite rich in zeolites in the Balearic abyssal plain, probably originated on the Sardinian continental margin and also characterized by high water contents. The presence of zeolites has been widely documented in volcanic settings; for example, in the circum-Pacific arc (Machiels et al, 2014), in the Antilles volcanic arc (Jolly et al, 2001), in the Mediterranean Sea (Altaner et al, 2013), and in volcanic islands such as the Canary Islands (Donoghue et al, 2008), Cape Verde (Barker et al, 2009), Hawaii (Morgan and Clague, 2003), or Reunion (Bachèlery et al, 2003). The formation of sediment layers rich in zeolites can be extended in time and is not only restricted to the period of zeolitic mineral formation, since the minerals can be stocked onshore or on the continental shelf and later transported to the continental slope.…”

Section: Origin and Distribution Of Zeolites In Marine Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered volcanic deposits as basal failure surfaces of submarine landslides

Miramontes

Sultan

Garziglia

et al. 2018

Geology

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One of the main concerns regarding the development of submarine landslides is the role played by weak layers in the failure process and, in particular, their impact in terms of volume, shape and evolution of mass movements. In the present study we identified a weak layer in the eastern margin of the Corsica Trough (northern Tyrrhenian Sea) that formed the basal failure surface of the Pianosa Slump at 42-50 ka. This layer is characterized by high water content, high plasticity, high compressibility, and post-peak strain softening behavior (i.e., strength loss with increasing strain). These specific mechanical and sedimentological properties seem to be related to the presence of analcime zeolites with a concentration of 2-4% in the muddy sediment. Zeolites commonly form by the alteration of volcanic rocks and were deposited on the slope during a sea level low-stand. The influence of the zeolitic layer on slope instability was tested numerically using an elastic-perfectly plastic model that exhibits strain softening. Modeling results show that erosion at the foot of the slope could lead to enough strain to reduce the shear strength of the zeolitic layer and lead to slip in this layer. We conclude that the strain softening behavior of muddy zeolitic sediment plays an important role in predisposing submarine landslides on continental slopes.

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Alteration history of Mount Epomeo Green Tuff and a related polymictic breccia, Ischia Island, Italy: evidence for debris avalanche

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Fire resistance of the Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff, a widely-used building stone on Ischia Island (Italy)

Fire resistance of the Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff, a widely-used building stone on Ischia Island (Italy)

Radiation Protection Legislation and Sustainable Development of a Rural Green-Tuff Village of Ischia Island

Altered volcanic deposits as basal failure surfaces of submarine landslides

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