Alteration of androgen receptor expression, apoptosis and cell proliferation in cryptorchid suckling, nursery and growing-finishing pigs

Yimpring, Nathamon; Teankum, Komkrich; Srisuwatanasagul, Sayamon; Kunnasut, Nanthida; Am-In, Nutthee; Suriyaphol, Gunnaporn

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.005

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…5b). The results of protein-protein interactions from STITCH corresponded with our previous study, which reported that high testicular apoptosis was shown in UDTs of cryptorchid pigs at 15-20 weeks of age [6]. In other studies, apoptosis has been found in UDTs more than in DTs of cryptorchid rats and mice [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Although the DT is in the scrotal sac at birth, with a similar environment to the NT, distinct clusters of NTs and DTs at 1-2 weeks of age indicated that both groups were not interchangeable. In our previous study, differential expression of androgen receptor was reported in DTs and NTs both at 1-2 weeks and at 12 weeks, supporting the notion that DT and NT conditions were not the same [6]. Peptidomics has been used to identify tumor-derived human leukocyte antigen-I (HLA-I) and HLA-II binding peptides from human tumors, which could be exploited further in precision cancer therapy [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Commercial fattening pigs are commonly castrated at the age of 7 days. A non-palpable testis in the scrotum at this age indicates that the disease is probably present, and pigs usually undergo surgery at the age of 6 weeks to remove the undescended testis [6]. The economic benefit of surgery versus cost (approximate 300 baht/nursery pig) and risk of surgery need to be critically evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of protein markers could possibly be utilized not only for unveiling the aberrant mechanism underlying the disease, but also for selection of suitable sires from the GGPs and GPs, which might reduce the incidence of cryptorchidism in fattening pigs. To the best of our knowledge, only limited studies of the expression of proteins associated with porcine cryptorchidism have been reported, and a study of testicular proteomics of pigs with cryptorchidism has not been undertaken [ 6 – 8 ]. Hence, we decided to explore a panel of novel peptide and protein expression, using proteomic approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic profiles of unilateral cryptorchidism in pigs at different ages using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS) approaches

et al. 2020

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Background Cryptorchidism is a condition that occurs when one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum. It is a common congenital disorder, causing economic loss in pig production. However, there have been only limited studies of differential protein expression profiles in undescended testes (UDTs) in the abdomen and descended testes (DTs) in cryptorchid pigs, especially at the peptidome and proteome levels. The present study aimed to analyze the peptidome of UDTs and DTs in unilateral cryptorchid pigs aged 1–2, 6, 15 and 20 weeks and in normal testes of healthy pigs aged 1–2 and 12 weeks, using peptide mass fingerprinting and three-dimensional principal component analysis (3D-PCA) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and to identify potential protein candidates, using in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS). Western blot analysis was used to verify protein expression. Protein sequence was affirmed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results A PCA plot showed a discrete cluster for each sample group. Peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) demonstrated unique peptide fragments in UDTs at different ages. A number of markedly expressed proteins from GeLC-MS/MS were identified, including the multifunctional tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 (TNFRSF18), in DTs at 1–2 and 6 weeks and in UDTs at 15 and 20 weeks of age. Using western blot analysis, high expression of TNFRSF18 was observed in the UDTs at 15 weeks. Using the STITCH database, this protein was found to be related to apoptosis, corresponding to the previous report in the UDTs at the same age. Conclusions The present study revealed the specific PMFs and clusters for porcine cryptorchidism, and a novel protein, TNFRSF18, associated with the disease mechanism. These results could provide further insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic profiles of unilateral cryptorchidism in pigs at different ages using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS) approaches

et al. 2020

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“…In the spermatogenic epithelium, a tissue which contains cells that are continuously dividing, the balance of apoptosis and proliferation of testicular cells is the primary means for regulating sperm numbers and for eliminating aberrant germ cells [ 15 ]. In vivo detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) or Ki-67 (a marker for mitosis) showed that the proliferative activity of germ cells decreased in unilateral cryptorchid rabbits [ 8 ], dogs [ 16 ], and boars [ 17 ]. Mice with unilateral cryptorchidism exhibited reduced testicular weight and germ cell apoptosis [ 18 ], and the blockade of caspase-2 activation prevented heat-induced testicular germ cell apoptosis in rats [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cryptorchidism on the Histomorphometry, Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Boar Testes

Fan

Liu

Yue

et al. 2021

Animals

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Spontaneous unilateral cryptorchid boars have one testis in the abdomen or inguinal canal, causing its temperature to be at or near the body temperature, which impairs spermatogenesis, although the histomorphometry and molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the histomorphometry, proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy alterations in spermatogonia and Sertoli cells in unilateral cryptorchid, scrotal (contrascrotal), and preweaning piglet (preweaning) testes. Histomorphometrical analysis of cryptorchid testes showed that the seminiferous tubules contained only Sertoli cells and a few spermatogonia, but did not contain post-meiotic germ cells. The number of spermatogonia markedly decreased, and the number of Sertoli cells did not change remarkably in cryptorchid testes. TUNEL assay results showed that apoptosis signals were predominantly observed in spermatogonia. In cryptorchid and contrascrotal testes, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and LC3 were located in spermatogonia. The number of PCNA-positive, TUNEL-positive, and LC3-positive germ cells was low, and the protein and mRNA levels of PCNA and LC3 were significantly decreased in cryptorchid testes. Taken together, the number of Sertoli cells did not change remarkably, whereas the number of germ cells decreased in the cryptorchid testes, compared with that in the contrascrotal testes. Insufficient proliferation, excessive apoptosis, and autophagy were involved in the regulation of the decrease in spermatogonia in cryptorchid boar testes.

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Whole-Exome Sequencing Indicated New Candidate Genes Associated with Unilateral Cryptorchidism in Pigs

Silva

Ibelli

Savoldi

et al. 2023

Sex Dev

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Introduction: Cryptorchidism is a hereditary anomaly characterized by the incomplete descent of one or both testicles to the scrotum. One of the challenges of this anomaly is that the retained testicle maintains its endocrine function. As a consequence, cryptorchid animals produce hormone-tainted meat in comparison to castrated animals and are likely to be more aggressive. Cryptorchidism can lead to reduced animal welfare outcomes and cause economic losses. Identifying genetic markers for cryptorchidism is an essential step toward mitigating these negative outcomes and may facilitate genome manipulation to reduce the occurrence of cryptorchidism. Attempts to identify such markers have used genome-wide association studies. Using whole-exome sequencing, we aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding regions of cryptorchid pigs and to characterize functional pathways concerning these SNPs. Methods: DNA was extracted and sequenced from 5 healthy and 5 cryptorchid animals from the Landrace breed, using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Data were pre-processed using the SeqyClean tool and further mapped against the swine reference genome (Sus scrofa 11.1) using BWA software. GATK was used to identify polymorphisms (SNPs and InDels), which were annotated using the VEP tool. Network prediction and gene ontology enrichment analysis were conducted using the Cytoscape platform, and STRING software was used for visualization. Results: A total of 63 SNPs were identified across the genes PIGB, CCPG1, COMMD9, LDLRAD3, TRIM44, MYLPF, SEPTIN, ZNF48, TIA1, FAIM2, KRT18, FBP1, FBP2, CTSL, DAPK1, DHX8, GPR179, DEPDC1B, ENSSSCG00000049573, ENSSSCG00000016384, ENSSSCG00000022657, ENSSSCG00000038825, and ENSSSCG00000001229. Using pathway enrichment analyses and network prospection, we have identified the following significant adjusted p value threshold of 0.001 involved with the biological function pathways of estrogen signaling, cytoskeleton organization, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Conclusion: Our data suggest the involvement of new SNPs and genes in developing cryptorchidism in pigs. However, further studies are needed to validate our results in a larger cohort population. Variations in the GPR179 gene, with implications at the protein level, may be associated with the appearance of this anomaly in the swine. Finally, we are showing that the estrogen signaling pathway may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of this congenital anomaly as previously reported in GWAS.

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Alteration of androgen receptor expression, apoptosis and cell proliferation in cryptorchid suckling, nursery and growing-finishing pigs

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Proteomic profiles of unilateral cryptorchidism in pigs at different ages using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS) approaches

Proteomic profiles of unilateral cryptorchidism in pigs at different ages using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS) approaches

Effect of Cryptorchidism on the Histomorphometry, Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Boar Testes

Whole-Exome Sequencing Indicated New Candidate Genes Associated with Unilateral Cryptorchidism in Pigs

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