Alteration of clover phyllody mycoplasma DNA after in vitro culturing of phyllody-diseased clover

Denes, A.S.; Sinha, Ramen

doi:10.1080/07060669209500873

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…No functions have yet been determined for any of the SAY plasmids including the 4.9 kb plasmid fragment which was the basis of this PCR detection assay (Kuske eta!., 1991). One possible function encoded by MLO plasmid DNA may be insect vector transmissibility (Denes & Sinha, 1992). An extensive rearrangement or loss of plasmid DNA was associated with the clover phyllody (CP)-MLO becoming unable to establish itself in its leafhopper vector (Denes & Sinha, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplification of plasmid DNA to detect plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms

Xue

Kuske

Sears

1994

Annals of Applied Biology

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to develop a specific assay for plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms (MLOs). A cloned fragment of a plasmid from a severe strain of western aster yellows (AY)-MLO was sequenced to identify oligonucleotide primers for PCR. Amplified DNA fragments of the predicted size were obtained from DNA extracted from plants and insects infected with pear decline MLO, beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent, elm yellows MLO and several AY-MLO strains. No amplification occurred from healthy leafhopper or plant DNA. The PCR-based assay was over 500 times more sensitive than a hybridisation-based assay which utilised a cloned AY plasmid fragment as a probe. With the PCR-based assay, MLOs could be detected using DNA samples of leafhoppers that were only crushed and boiled in buffer. Amplification of the target DNA was confirmed by digestion of the PCR product with Mbo I which yielded predicted sized fragments for all MLO strains except Bradford AY and eastern AY. Sequencing the PCR product from elm yellows and eastern AY-MLOs revealed greater than 90% homology, and the failure to restrict the PCR product with Mbo I was due to a single base change in the restriction endonuclease site. The ability of the assay to detect a wide range of MLOs with minimal sample preparation and high sensitivity will be useful in epidemiological studies of MLO-caused diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplification of plasmid DNA to detect plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms

Xue

Kuske

Sears

1994

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…The changes in the OY-NIM plasmids presented in this study also support the relative plasticity of bacterial plasmids. In addition to OY-NIM, a non-insect-transmissible line was isolated in clover phyllody phytoplasma by plant grafting in the absence of insect vectors, and extensive rearrangement of its plasmid was also observed (Denes and Sinha, 1992).…”

Section: Chromosomal Stasis Versus Plasmid Plasticity In Phytoplasmamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, there have been several studies in phytoplasmas examining the relationship between plasmids and their insect transmissibility potential. For example, extensive rearrangement of plasmids in clover phyllody phytoplasma was observed between the wild-type line and the non-insect-transmissible line (Denes and Sinha, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process of reductive evolution during 10 years in plasmids of a non-insect-transmissible phytoplasma

Ishii

Oshima

Kakizawa

et al. 2009

Gene

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“…A classic example of this occurring in phytoplasmas is the loss of vector transmissibility over a relatively short period of time. Extensive rearrangement of the clover phyllody phytoplasma plasmid DNA was observed in clover plants regenerated by tissue culture and the phytoplasma could no longer be transmitted by insects (Denes & Sinha, 1992). Similarly, Oshima et al (2001) isolated a non-insect-transmissible line of onion yellows phytoplasma after 2 years of maintenance by plant grafting without insect vectors and Nishigawa et al (2002a) determined that the plasmid from this line lacks a singlestranded DNA-binding protein and an uncharacterized putative membrane protein that exist in the wild-type line.…”

Section: Presence Of Orfs In Other Bltva Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis of two plasmids from the phytoplasma beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent

2004

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The complete nucleotide sequences of the two plasmids from the phytoplasma beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent (BLTVA) have been determined. The larger plasmid, pBLTVA-1, was 10 785 nt in length and contained 11 putative ORFs, almost all of which were duplicated or triplicated on the plasmid due to the presence of large repeated regions. The sequence contained a series of tandem repeats, the largest of which was 338 nt long. The sequences of ORFs 4 and 11 showed homology with the replication genes of plasmids from other phytoplasmas and from geminiviruses. ORF9, the only ORF present as a single copy, showed homology with DNA primase genes from bacterial chromosomes and contained the conserved zinc finger and topoisomerase/primase domains. None of the other eight ORFs showed homology with known sequences in the GenBank database. pBLTVA-2 was 2587 nt in length, and all of its sequence was nearly identical to sequences from pBLTVA-1, most of which spanned ORFs 10 and 11, including the 338 nt tandem repeat. Analysis of 30 strains of BLTVA showed that most of the 11 putative ORFs were present, but the size of the plasmids varied in these strains.

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Alteration of clover phyllody mycoplasma DNA after in vitro culturing of phyllody-diseased clover

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Amplification of plasmid DNA to detect plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms

Amplification of plasmid DNA to detect plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms

Process of reductive evolution during 10 years in plasmids of a non-insect-transmissible phytoplasma

Sequence analysis of two plasmids from the phytoplasma beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent

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