Alteration of LH and FSH release in rats treated with clomiphene or its isomers

Carter, W.H.; Parlow, Albert F.; Saito, Motoi; Arimura, Akira; Bowers, Cyril Y.; Holtkamp, Dorsey E.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(15)30364-1

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There is experimental evidence suggesting that clomiphene stimulates LH-release by acting at hypothalamic level (7,8). The previous reports showing that the administration of clomiphene results in an increase in LH release are confirmed by the present study, in which male rats treated with clomiphene for 6 days showed a significant increase in the serum LH levels as well as in the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate weights.…”

Section: Materials Andsupporting

confidence: 87%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Melatonin on the Luteinizing Hormone Release Induced by Clomiphene and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Moguilevsky¹,

Scacchi²,

Deis³

et al. 1976

Experimental Biology and Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Much experimental evidence indicates that the pineal gland is involved in the regulation of reproductive function (1). This effect appears to be mediated, at least partially, by melatonin (2). It is well known that melatonin has a definite inhibitory influence on reproductive function (3,4). For instance, it has been demonstrated that the injection of melatonin into the third ventricle is followed by a decrease in the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plasmatic concentrations (4, 5 ) .Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and clomiphene citrate are known to stimulate the release of LH in the rat. LH-RH stimulates the synthesis and release of LH at the anterior pituitary level (6), whereas there is evidence that clomiphene exerts its principal effect on the hypothalamus (7,8).The aim of the present study was to obtain information on the site or mechanism by which melatonin modifies the reproductive function. This was performed by studying the effect of the pineal principle on the LH release in response to LH-RH and clomiphene.Material and Methods. Adult male rats, from the strain of the Institute of Physiology of the Buenos Aires Medical School maintained in cycles of 14 hr of light and 10 hr of darkness and fed Purina laboratory chow ad libitum, were used for all experiments. Experiment 1. The effect of melatonin and clomiphene on LH secretion were studied in the following groups of rats: (i) con-] Supported by Grants from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y TCcnicas and from Quimica Argentia, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Established Investigator, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y TCcnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.trol; (ii) treated with clomiphene citrate (0.01 mg/100 g of body weight/day im, for 6 days); (iii) treated with melatonin (1 mg/day sc, dissolved in ethanol l o % , for 6 days); and (iv) treated with clomiphene and melatonin (the drugs were simultaneously administered with the same regimens and doses as described for groups 2 and 3). Controls received only the vehicles.Twenty-four hours after the last injection, the animals were killed by decapitation, blood samples were taken from the trunk for the LH assay, and the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate weights were recorded. Blood samples were allowed to clot at 4" and centrifuged, and the serum was separated and kept frozen until it was assayed. The concentration of LH in serum from individual rats was assayed in duplicate by means of the double-antibody radioimmunoassay as described by Niswender et al. (9). The results were expressed in terms of nanograms of NIAMD-RAT-LH-RP-l/ml of serum. The statistical analysis of the data, planned in the design of the experiment, consisted of the comparison of each experimental group vs control by means of Student's t test.Experiment 2. In this series the effect of pretreatment with melatonin on the LH release after LH-RH administration was studied. Rats were treated with 1 mg of melatonin sc (dissolved in 10% ethanol) for 6 days. Control rats were i...

show abstract

Section: Materials Andsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…LH-RH stimulates the synthesis and release of LH at the anterior pituitary level (6), whereas there is evidence that clomiphene exerts its principal effect on the hypothalamus (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Melatonin on the Luteinizing Hormone Release Induced by Clomiphene and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Moguilevsky¹,

Scacchi²,

Deis³

et al. 1976

Experimental Biology and Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results of this study support the opinion that the hypothalamic-pituitary portion being the primary action site of clomiphene (Igarashi et al, 1967;Kato et al, 1968;Roy et al, 1964;Schally et al, 1970;Seki et al, 1972 b) as in those who responded to clomiphene an early elevation of gonadotropin(s) appeared during or immediately after administration of clomiphene.…”

Section: ) Corpus Luteum Insufficiencysupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Serum FSH and LH in Various Infertile Women Treated with Clomiphene Citrate

Huang

1972

Endocrinol Japon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

and Taiwan Provincial Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan Synopsis Serum FSH and LH levels were measured serially by radioimmunoassay in fifteen menstrual disordered or infertile subjects for two menstrual cycles, one control cycle and another cycle treated with clomiphene citrate. Lack of normal cyclic patterns that usually appear in ovulatory individuals of serum FSH and LH, however, within the range of normal levels in most subjects, as well as the day-to-day fluctuation of gonadotropin levels were observed in amenorrheic or anovulatory patients. By regarding the early rise of gonadotropins after clomiphene intake as a favorable response, those with fluctuating gonadotropin levels during untreated cycle were found to respond considerably to clomiphene citrate. Thus, a predictability is suggested. In the clomiphene-induced ovulatory cycles the serum FSH and LH exhibited either similar to those usually seen in normal ovulatory cycle or without a sequence of normal pattern but midcycle surge. The discordancy of gonadotropins stimulated by clomiphene which suggested the cause of temporal failure with this medicine was pointed out.

show abstract

“…CIS is 5 times more potent as an anti-estrogen than TRANS (22), whereas TRANS is 10 times more potent than CIS in inducing vaginal estrous (16). If it is the anti-estrogenic action of Clomid that makes it effective in inducing ovulation, the weak estrogenic action of TRANS might explain why this isomer is not as effective in low doses as CIS in increasing LH and FSH release (5). Cw-clomiphene appears slightly more effective than Clomid in inducing ovulation in humans (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Experiments 3 Fre-treatment With Cis In Eb Progesterone Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects ofCis- andTrans-Clomiphene in the Induction of Sexual Behavior1

et al. 1973

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The competitive effects between trans-and cw-clomiphene and estradiol benzoate (EB) were evaluated as to their ability to induce sexual behavior in ovariectomized female rats. Study groups always contained 6-12 animals per group. One group received 2.5 mg trans-while the other received 5 mg of the cis-/trans-ra.cemic mixture (Clomid®) for 10 days. All groups received 500 M-g progesterone (P) on day 11. Behavioral tests performed on the afternoons of days 5, 10 and 11 were scored for lordosis response. 2.5 mg of trans-significantly increased (p < 0.01) the lordosis response on all test days when compared to the 5 mg cis-/trans-group. Thus, cisinterferes with the ability of trans-to induce sexual behavior. The effects of cis-and transgiven concomitantly with varying doses of EB were also tested. Controls received 0.1 M*g, 0.25 n-g or 1.0 M

show abstract

Alteration of LH and FSH release in rats treated with clomiphene or its isomers

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Melatonin on the Luteinizing Hormone Release Induced by Clomiphene and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Effect of Melatonin on the Luteinizing Hormone Release Induced by Clomiphene and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Evaluation of Serum FSH and LH in Various Infertile Women Treated with Clomiphene Citrate

Effects ofCis- andTrans-Clomiphene in the Induction of Sexual Behavior1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About