Alteration of protein homeostasis mediates the interaction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

In nature, bacteria rarely live in isolation; instead, they form complex multicellular communities where the interactions between different species have an important role in shaping the overall behavior of the microbial community, resulting in many new physiological functions that cannot be achieved by individual constituents (Keller and

Friends or enemies? The complicated relationship between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

“…Although the ClpXP protease has been suggested as a pharmaceutical target (Moreno-Cinos et al, 2019) and anti-virulence drug (McGillivray et al, 2012) to specifically target S. aureus during Pa-Sa co-culture (Yang et al, 2020), it remains questionable whether this is a feasible approach. The recent discovery that ClpXP inactivation increased virulence in P. aeruginosa (Yang et al, 2020) is of specific concern, especially in complex infections that are often polymicrobial. developed an in vitro dual species co-culture system of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus on monolayers of human…”

“…P. aeruginosa also produces pyocyanin that inhibits S. aureus oxidative respiration, the LasA protease that lyses S. aureus cells, and Cis‐2‐decenoic acid and rhamnolipids which promote biofilm dispersal of S. aureus (Hotterbeekx et al., 2017). S. aureus is at an even further disadvantage as it increases P. aeruginosa virulence through the release of the peptidoglycan component N‐acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) upon cell lysis or cell wall turnover during growth (Korgaonkar et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2020). Yang et al (2020) recently showed that GlcNAc was important for proteolytic activity in P. aeruginosa, and co‐culture with S. aureus or addition of GlcNAc decreased the activity of the P. aeruginosa caseinolytic protease ClpXP.…”

“…S. aureus is at an even further disadvantage as it increases P. aeruginosa virulence through the release of the peptidoglycan component N‐acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) upon cell lysis or cell wall turnover during growth (Korgaonkar et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2020). Yang et al (2020) recently showed that GlcNAc was important for proteolytic activity in P. aeruginosa, and co‐culture with S. aureus or addition of GlcNAc decreased the activity of the P. aeruginosa caseinolytic protease ClpXP. Interestingly, the deletion of clpX and clpP in P. aeruginosa PAO1, respectively, increased its S. aureus Newman killing capacity by over 1,000‐fold (Hotterbeekx et al., 2017).…”

“…This further results in elevated levels of virulence factors and exotoxins that can cause host tissue damage and facilitate colonization of P. aeruginosa (Hotterbeekx et al., 2017; Korgaonkar et al., 2013). Although the ClpXP protease has been suggested as a pharmaceutical target (Moreno‐Cinos et al., 2019) and anti‐virulence drug (McGillivray et al., 2012) to specifically target S. aureus during Pa‐Sa co‐culture (Yang et al., 2020), it remains questionable whether this is a feasible approach. The recent discovery that ClpXP inactivation increased virulence in P. aeruginosa (Yang et al., 2020) is of specific concern, especially in complex infections that are often polymicrobial.…”

Genome-Wide Mapping Reveals Complex Regulatory Activities of BfmR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…The Western blot analysis were performed as described previously with some modifications [42][43][44]. Generally, to examine the production of fusion proteins (i.e., p-PhoB-Flag, p-(D)-PhoB-Flag) in P. aeruginosa, overnight LPM cultures of the indicated strains were diluted to OD 600 ≈ 0.05 with fresh LPM medium.…”