Alterations in Cerebellar Functional Connectivity Are Correlated With Decreased Psychomotor Vigilance Following Total Sleep Deprivation

Abstract

Previous studies have reported significant changes in functional connectivity among various brain networks following sleep restriction. The cerebellum plays an important role in information processing for motor control and provides this information to higher-order networks. However, little is known regarding how sleep deprivation influences functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex in humans. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in cerebellar functional connectivity induced by sleep deprivation, and their relationship with psychomotor vigilance. A total of 52 healthy men underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after 36 h of total sleep deprivation. Functional connectivity was evaluated using region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analyses, using 26 cerebellar ROIs as seed regions. Psychomotor vigilance was assessed using the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Decreased functional connectivity was observed between cerebellar seed regions and the bilateral postcentral, left inferior frontal, left superior medial frontal, and right middle temporal gyri. In contrast, increased functional connectivity was observed between the cerebellum and the bilateral caudate. Furthermore, decrease in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with increase in PVT reaction times, while increase in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the bilateral caudate was positively correlated with increase in PVT reaction times. These results imply that altered cerebellar functional connectivity is associated with impairment in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep deprivation.

Manifold Learning of Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reliably Identifies Functionally Consistent Coupling Patterns in Human Brains

“…Apparently different from the CCPs in the AR state where the CCPs are highly above network configurations, the ASD-induced CCPs reveal more specific region-whole-brain functional coupling peculiarity. Additionally, the increased thalamus-cortical connectivity in the two-sample t -test map and the discriminative regions of the cerebellum, thalamus, sensorimotor network, and default mode network in the permutation test map are in line with the previous findings [24,43,44]. Our qualification of CCP structure via statistical analysis, interestingly, reveals the discriminative regions for ASD and AR with a two-sample t -test (p<0.054ptand4ptFWER4ptq<0.05) at an individual level and a permutation test (p<0.05) at the group level (Figure 5).…”

Vigilance Effects in Resting-State fMRI

“…Wirsich et al (2018) also reported widespread increases in FC with sleep deprivation. Zhang et al (2019) found that sleep deprivation lead to decreases in FC between the cerebellum and a number of brain regions and an increase in FC between the cerebellum and bilateral caudate. Ong et al (2015) examined spontaneous eye closures in sleep deprived subjects and reported additional reductions in the FC in the DMN and DAN beyond what had been previously observed for sleep deprivation.…”

Altered frontal connectivity after sleep deprivation predicts sustained attentional impairment: A resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

“…It has been shown that ALFF can predict the subsequent attentional performance in sleep-deprivation states (Gao et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015). In addition, functional connectivity is another important index of functional integration of resting brain function and reflects the temporal correlation of low-frequency fluctuations between different brain regions (Biswal et al, 1997), which has also been found to be sensitive to the individual resistant after sleep deprivation (Yeo et al, 2015;Zhang et al 2019). The combination of these two methods has been widely used to provide additional understanding of the functional organisation in several brain disorders or substance addiction (Chen et al, 2017;Tadayonnejad et al, 2015), and the pre-test ALFF/functional connectivity can predict the subsequent behavioural performance (Tian et al, 2012;Zou et al, 2013).…”