Alterations in intestinal microbiota diversity, composition, and function in patients with sarcopenia

Abstract

Abstract16S rRNA sequencing of human fecal samples has been tremendously successful in identifying microbiome changes associated with both aging and disease. A number of studies have described microbial alterations corresponding to physical frailty and nursing home residence among aging individuals. A gut-muscle axis through which the microbiome influences skeletal muscle growth/function has been hypothesized. However, the microbiome has yet to be examined in sarcopenia. Here, we collected fecal samples of 60 healthy controls (CON) and 27 sarcopenic (Case)/possibly sarcopenic (preCase) individuals and analyzed the intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. We observed an overall reduction in microbial diversity in Case and preCase samples. The genera Lachnospira, Fusicantenibacter, Roseburia, Eubacterium, and Lachnoclostridium—known butyrate producers—were significantly less abundant in Case and preCase subjects while Lactobacillus was more abundant. Functional pathways underrepresented in Case subjects included numerous transporters and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis suggesting that protein processing and nutrient transport may be impaired. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was overrepresented in Case and PreCase subjects suggesting that sarcopenia is associated with a pro-inflammatory metagenome. These analyses demonstrate structural and functional alterations in the intestinal microbiota that may contribute to loss of skeletal muscle mass and function in sarcopenia.

Effects of L. plantarum HY7715 on the Gut Microbial Community and Riboflavin Production in a Three-Stage Semi-Continuous Simulated Gut System

“…Moreover, SCFAs not only serve as an energy source for the host, but also have a significant impact on immunity. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, and recent studies have reported an association with sarcopenia [34]. Interestingly, based on the recently published results for ameliorates sarcopenia of HY7715 [35], considering the changes in the butyrate concentration and butyrate-producing bacteria in the HY7715-treated group, the HY7715 intake has the potential to improve sarcopenia, but studies on the interaction between the microbiome and its metabolites should be conducted.…”

Association of the gut microbiota and fecal short‐chain fatty acids with skeletal muscle mass and strength in children

“…_.: indicates that the OTU cannot be further classified to the next level significantly positively correlated with grip strength in adults age ≥60 years old. 38 After controlling for body fat mass or BMI, our findings suggested only the abundance of genera Faecalitalea and Pyramidobacter are significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings.…”

Prolyl Endopeptidase Gene Disruption Improves Gut Dysbiosis and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Induced by a High-Fat Diet

“…Besides, Ruminiclostridium 9 belongs to the Ruminococcaceae family; reportedly, a high abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the cecum could effectively prevent malnutrition ( Million et al, 2016 ). The short-chain fatty acid butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae , Odoribacter , Intestinimonas , and Faecalibaculum ( Kang et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). Notably, the abovementioned bacteria were more abundant in HFD-PREP gt than HFD-WT mice.…”