Alterations in microbial community composition with increasing &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;: a mesocosm study in the eastern Baltic Sea

Crawfurd, Katharine J.; Álvarez-Fernández, Santiago; Mojica, Kristina D. A.; Riebesell, Ulf; Brussaard, Corina P. D.

doi:10.5194/bg-14-3831-2017

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In these experiments on natural communities, as in our experiments, growth response is expected to dominate the community dynamics and as these experiments track the response in a bloom elicited through the addition of nutrients. A mesocosm experiment without the addition of nutrients did find a decrease in Synechococcus and an increase in major groups of chlorophytes (Crawfurd, Alvarez‐Fernandez, Mojica, Riebesell, & Brussaard, ). Difference in the response of natural assemblages and those of simplified laboratory communities are not surprising, and can be explained by factors including interactions with other treatments (including nutrient addition), changes in communities selective grazer or pathogens in response to the CO 2 treatment or greater importance of heterotrophic and mixotrophic processes utilizing existing organic carbon stocks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predictability Of Changes In the Composition Of Communitiementioning

confidence: 90%

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Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Pardew

Pimentel

Low‐Décarie

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Rising atmospheric CO 2 and ocean acidification are fundamentally altering conditions for life of all marine organisms, including phytoplankton. Differences in CO 2 related physiology between major phytoplankton taxa lead to differences in their ability to take up and utilize CO 2. These differences may cause predictable shifts in the composition of marine phytoplankton communities in response to rising atmospheric CO 2. We report an experiment in which seven species of marine phytoplankton, belonging to four major taxonomic groups (cyanobacteria, chlorophytes, diatoms, and coccolithophores), were grown at both ambient (500 μatm) and future (1,000 μatm) CO 2 levels. These phytoplankton were grown as individual species, as cultures of pairs of species and as a community assemblage of all seven species in two culture regimes (high‐nitrogen batch cultures and lower‐nitrogen semicontinuous cultures, although not under nitrogen limitation). All phytoplankton species tested in this study increased their growth rates under elevated CO 2 independent of the culture regime. We also find that, despite species‐specific variation in growth response to high CO 2, the identity of major taxonomic groups provides a good prediction of changes in population growth and competitive ability under high CO 2. The CO 2‐induced growth response is a good predictor of CO 2‐induced changes in competition (R 2 > .93) and community composition (R 2 > .73). This study suggests that it may be possible to infer how marine phytoplankton communities respond to rising CO 2 levels from the knowledge of the physiology of major taxonomic groups, but that these predictions may require further characterization of these traits across a diversity of growth conditions. These findings must be validated in the context of limitation by other nutrients. Also, in natural communities of phytoplankton, numerous other factors that may all respond to changes in CO2, including nitrogen fixation, grazing, and variation in the limiting resource will likely complicate this prediction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predictability Of Changes In the Composition Of Communitiementioning

confidence: 90%

Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Pardew

Pimentel

Low‐Décarie

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Other relevant articles and data sources of numerous in situ pCO 2 ‐perturbation experiments can be found in the supporting information (Bach et al, ; Bach, Taucher, et al, ; Bach, ; Bellerby et al, ; Bermúdez et al, ; Brussaard et al, ; Crawfurd et al, ; Czerny, Schulz, Boxhammer, et al, ; de Kluijver et al, ; Delille et al, ; Eberlein et al, ; Egge et al, ; Engel et al, , , ; Gazeau et al, , ; Gazeau, Sallon, Maugendre, et al, ; Gazeau, Sallon, Pitta, et al, ; J.‐H. Kim et al, , ; Louis et al, ; Løvdal et al, ; Maugendre et al, ; Meakin & Wyman, ; Nausch et al, ; Newbold et al, ; Paul et al, ; Paul, Achterberg, et al, ; Paul, Schulz, et al, ; Paulino, Egge, & Larsen, ; Rees et al, ; Riebesell et al, ; Spilling, Paul, et al, ; Spilling, Schulz, et al, ; Taucher et al, ; Zark et al, , , , ).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Phytoplankton Do Not Produce Carbon‐Rich Organic Matter in High CO₂ Oceans

Kim

Lee

Suh

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The ocean is a substantial sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) released as a result of human activities. Over the coming decades the dissolved inorganic C concentration in the surface ocean is predicted to increase, which is expected to have a direct influence on the efficiency of C utilization (consumption and production) by phytoplankton during photosynthesis. Here we evaluated the generality of C-rich organic matter production by examining the elemental C:N ratio of organic matter produced under conditions of varying pCO 2 . The data used in this analysis were obtained from a series of pelagic in situ pCO 2 perturbation studies that were performed in the diverse ocean regions and involved natural phytoplankton assemblages. The C:N ratio of the resulting particulate and dissolved organic matter did not differ across the range of pCO 2 conditions tested. In particular, the ratio for particulate organic C and N was found to be 6.58 ± 0.05, close to the theoretical value of 6.6.Plain Language Summary Photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the sunlit ocean transforms dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrients into organic matter. Some of this organic matter is transported to the ocean interior by gravitational settlement; this generates a vertical gradient of carbon (C), which, in turn, will influence the oceanic uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Given the growing concern about the increasing anthropogenic CO 2 concentration in the global surface ocean over the coming decades, the efficiency of C utilization (dissolved inorganic C consumption and organic C production) by phytoplankton was investigated under varying pCO 2 conditions. Based on the reported evidence of greater C consumption (relative to other elements), model studies have been projected a negative feedback on atmospheric CO 2 , and other impacts including expansion of the low oxygen zones. In this study we evaluated the generality of the negative feedback hypothesis by determining the elemental ratio (C:N) obtained from a series of in situ pCO 2 perturbation studies. Our result showed that the C:N ratio of the organic matter produced did not differ across the range of pCO 2 conditions. This suggests that the proposed feedbacks that were predicted to arise from the production of disproportionally C-rich organic matter are unlikely to occur in future oceans.

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“…Increased abundance of picophytoplankton has been reported in ocean acidification studies on natural communities around the world (e.g. Brussaard et al, 2013;Schulz et al, 2013;Biswas et al, 2015;Crawfurd et al, 2017). In contrast, Antarctic community studies report varying responses to elevated CO 2 .…”

Section: Nano-and Picophytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ocean acidification reduces growth and grazing of Antarctic heterotrophic nanoflagellates

Deppeler¹,

Schulz²,

Hancock³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. High-latitude oceans have been identified as particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification if anthropogenic CO2 emissions continue. Marine microbes are an essential part of the marine food web and are a critical link in biogeochemical processes in the ocean, such as the cycling of nutrients and carbon. Despite this, the response of Antarctic marine microbial communities to ocean acidification is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of increasing fCO2 on the growth of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF), nano- and picophytoplankton, and prokaryotes in a natural coastal Antarctic marine microbial community from Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. At CO2 levels &#8805;&#8201;634&#8201;&#956;atm, HNF abundance was reduced, coinciding with significantly increased abundance of picophytoplankton and prokaryotes. This increase in picophytoplankton and prokaryote abundance was likely due to a reduction in top-down control of grazing HNF. Nanophytoplankton abundance was significantly elevated in the 634 and 953 &#956;atm treatments, suggesting that moderate increases in CO2 may stimulate growth. Changes in predator-prey interactions with ocean acidification could have a significant effect on the food web and biogeochemistry in the Southern Ocean. Based on these results, it is likely that the phytoplankton community composition in these waters will shift to communities dominated by prokaryotes, nano- and picophytoplankton. This may intensify organic matter recycling in surface waters, leading to a decline in carbon flux, as well as a reducing the quality and quantity of food available to higher trophic organisms.

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Alterations in microbial community composition with increasing <i>f</i>CO<sub>2</sub>: a mesocosm study in the eastern Baltic Sea

Cited by 21 publications

References 91 publications

Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Phytoplankton Do Not Produce Carbon‐Rich Organic Matter in High CO₂ Oceans

Ocean acidification reduces growth and grazing of Antarctic heterotrophic nanoflagellates

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Alterations in microbial community composition with increasing &lt;i&gt;f&lt;/i&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;: a mesocosm study in the eastern Baltic Sea

Cited by 21 publications

References 91 publications

Predictable ecological response to rising CO2 of a community of marine phytoplankton

Predictable ecological response to rising CO2 of a community of marine phytoplankton

Phytoplankton Do Not Produce Carbon‐Rich Organic Matter in High CO2 Oceans

Ocean acidification reduces growth and grazing of Antarctic heterotrophic nanoflagellates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Alterations in microbial community composition with increasing <i>f</i>CO<sub>2</sub>: a mesocosm study in the eastern Baltic Sea

Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Predictable ecological response to rising CO₂ of a community of marine phytoplankton

Phytoplankton Do Not Produce Carbon‐Rich Organic Matter in High CO₂ Oceans