Alterations in oxidative stress markers and its correlation with clinical findings in schizophrenic patients consuming perphenazine, clozapine and risperidone

Hendouei, Narjes; Farnia, Samaneh; Mohseni, Farhad; Salehi, Azadeh; Bagheri, Maedeh; Shadfar, Faezeh; Barzegar, Fatemeh; Hoseini, Seyed Davood; Charati, Jamshid Yazdani; Shaki, Fatemeh

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.109

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Further, no significant increases were observed in plasma TBARS levels following clozapine use [ 264 ]. Finally, 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia received clozapine or risperidone as treatment [ 265 ]. Compared to risperidone, clozapine had significantly greater antioxidant effects via decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing SOD and glutathione levels [ 265 ].…”

Section: Role Of Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia received clozapine or risperidone as treatment [ 265 ]. Compared to risperidone, clozapine had significantly greater antioxidant effects via decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing SOD and glutathione levels [ 265 ]. These antioxidant properties suggest that clozapine might be useful in managing negative symptoms [ 265 , 266 ].…”

Section: Role Of Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Damage in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

Madireddy

2020

Brain Sciences

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The biochemical integrity of the brain is paramount to the function of the central nervous system, and oxidative stress is a key contributor to cerebral biochemical impairment. Oxidative stress, which occurs when an imbalance arises between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the efficacy of the antioxidant defense mechanism, is believed to play a role in the pathophysiology of various brain disorders. One such disorder, schizophrenia, not only causes lifelong disability but also induces severe emotional distress; however, because of its onset in early adolescence or adulthood and its progressive development, consuming natural antioxidant products may help regulate the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore, elucidating the functions of ROS and dietary antioxidants in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia could help formulate improved therapeutic strategies for its prevention and treatment. This review focuses specifically on the roles of ROS and oxidative damage in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, as well as the effects of nutrition, antipsychotic use, cognitive therapies, and quality of life on patients with schizophrenia. By improving our understanding of the effects of various nutrients on schizophrenia, it may become possible to develop nutritional strategies and supplements to treat the disorder, alleviate its symptoms, and facilitate long-term recovery.

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Section: Role Of Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Damage in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

Madireddy

2020

Brain Sciences

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“…Additionally, since oxidative stress is a powerful trigger for cell death and relevant to the development of various diseases, including atherosclerosis, cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, and psychiatric disorders, the clinical mirror of oxidative stress is under intensive investigation. Prior studies suggested the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant system in serum as the predictor of the response to treatment or prognosis (Zitnanova et al, 2016;Hendouei et al, 2018;Darroudi et al, 2020). The reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity was found to be negatively correlated with clinical neurological soft signs of patients with psychiatric disorders (Raffa et al, 2012;Miljevic et al, 2018), and the prooxidative-antioxidative balance was identified as a well predictor of outcome in acute ischemic stroke (Kotur-Stevuljevic et al, 2015).…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Autophagy: Potential Targets of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Based Therapies in Ischemic Stroke

Liu

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide; currently available treatment approaches for ischemic stroke are to restore blood flow, which reduce disability but are time limited. The interruption of blood flow in ischemic stroke contributes to intricate pathophysiological processes. Oxidative stress and inflammatory activity are two early events in the cascade of cerebral ischemic injury. These two factors are reciprocal causation and directly trigger the development of autophagy. Appropriate autophagy activity contributes to brain recovery by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory activity, while autophagy dysfunction aggravates cerebral injury. Abundant evidence demonstrates the beneficial impact of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and secretome on cerebral ischemic injury. MSCs reduce oxidative stress through suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation and transferring healthy mitochondria to damaged cells. Meanwhile, MSCs exert anti-inflammation properties by the production of cytokines and extracellular vesicles, inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cells activation, suppressing pyroptosis, and alleviating blood–brain barrier leakage. Additionally, MSCs regulation of autophagy imbalances gives rise to neuroprotection against cerebral ischemic injury. Altogether, MSCs have been a promising candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke due to their pleiotropic effect.

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“…Along this line, a treatment for 3 months with risperidone or olanzapine significantly increased the plasma levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidants GSH, vitamin E, and vitamin C, also reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a highly reactive compound considered a marker for oxidative stress, with an overall improvement of the antioxidant status of schizophrenic subjects [131]. In a study conducted by Hendouei et al, clozapine showed a higher antioxidant activity than risperidone or perphenazine, increasing SOD and GSH serum levels and reducing lipid peroxidation [31]. The antioxidant activity of clozapine and olanzapine is clinically relevant, since it has been reported a lower risk of free radical-induced damage, including neurological symptoms, in schizophrenic patients treated with these second-generation antipsychotics [113,132].…”

Section: Second-generation Antipsychotics: Can They Exert An Antioxidant Activity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, quetiapine, an antipsychotic widely used for the treatment of psychosis [28], has shown antioxidant activities preventing the alterations due to oxidative stress at the hippocampal level [29]. In addition to that, clozapine, considered the gold standard drug in treatment-refractory schizophrenia [30], is able to improve negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia through its antioxidant activity [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Properties of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: Focus on Microglia

et al. 2020

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Recent studies suggest a primary role of oxidative stress in an early phase of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and a strong neurobiological link has been found between dopaminergic system dysfunction, microglia overactivation, and oxidative stress. Different risk factors for schizophrenia increase oxidative stress phenomena raising the risk of developing psychosis. Oxidative stress induced by first-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol significantly contributes to the development of extrapyramidal side effects. Haloperidol also exerts neurotoxic effects by decreasing antioxidant enzyme levels then worsening pro-oxidant events. Opposite to haloperidol, second-generation antipsychotics (or atypical antipsychotics) such as risperidone, clozapine, and olanzapine exert a strong antioxidant activity in experimental models of schizophrenia by rescuing the antioxidant system, with an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione (GSH) serum levels. Second-generation antipsychotics also improve the antioxidant status and reduce lipid peroxidation in schizophrenic patients. Interestingly, second-generation antipsychotics, such as risperidone, paliperidone, and in particular clozapine, reduce oxidative stress induced by microglia overactivation, decreasing the production of microglia-derived free radicals, finally protecting neurons against microglia-induced oxidative stress. Further, long-term clinical studies are needed to better understand the link between oxidative stress and the clinical response to antipsychotic drugs and the therapeutic potential of antioxidants to increase the response to antipsychotics.

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Alterations in oxidative stress markers and its correlation with clinical findings in schizophrenic patients consuming perphenazine, clozapine and risperidone

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Damage in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Damage in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Autophagy: Potential Targets of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Based Therapies in Ischemic Stroke

Antioxidant Properties of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: Focus on Microglia

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