Alterations in plasma concentrations of testosterone, LH, and prolactin associated with mating in the male rat

Kamel, Freya; Mock, Édward J.; Wright, William W.; Frankel, Arthur I.

doi:10.1016/0018-506x(75)90014-8

Cited by 137 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Pre-exposing a gonadally intact male rat for 10 min to a female rat, which should cause reflexive sex hormone release [47], subsequently reduced the male's mount latency, intromission latency, and ejaculation latency when given access to a second receptive female [48]. Consistent with these shortened latencies being caused by testosterone, gonadally intact male rats injected i.p.…”

Section: Copulatory Behaviormentioning

confidence: 68%

Reflexive testosterone release: A model system for studying the nongenomic effects of testosterone upon male behavior

Nyby

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

100

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Male mammals of many species exhibit reflexive testosterone release in mating situations. In house mice (Mus musculus), the dramatic robustness of such release, occurring primarily in response to a novel female, suggests some function. The resulting testosterone elevations typically peak during copulatory behavior and may serve to activate transitory motivational and physiological responses that facilitate reproduction. However, such a function requires that testosterone be working through either nongenomic, or very quick genomic, mechanisms. The first part of the review describes reflexive sex hormone release in house mice. The second part summarizes research implicating testosterone's fast actions in affecting anxiety, reward, learning, analgesia, and penile reflexes in rodents, all of which could optimize male mating success. The review concludes with a speculative model of how spontaneous and reflexive hormone release might interact to regulate reproductive behavior and why mice appear to be an ideal species for examining testosterone's quick effects.

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Section: Copulatory Behaviormentioning

confidence: 68%

Reflexive testosterone release: A model system for studying the nongenomic effects of testosterone upon male behavior

Nyby

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

100

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“…Mating-or sexual intercourse-induced PRL secretion seems to be similar in rodents and humans (Kamel et al 1975, Kruger et al 1998, Exton et al 1999. In addition, in rats, a specific release pattern is switched on after mating with PRL surges during early morning and late afternoon as outlined above .…”

Section: Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 84%

Prolactin secretion patterns: basic mechanisms and clinical implications for reproduction

Egli¹,

Leeners²,

Krüger³

2010

Reproduction

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Prolactin (PRL) is one of the most versatile hormones in the mammalian body affecting reproductive, sexual, metabolic, immune, and other functions. It is therefore not surprising that the neural control of PRL secretion is complex, involving the coordinated actions of several hypothalamic nuclei. A plethora of experimental data exists on the hypothalamic control of hormone secretion under various physiological stimuli. There have been even mathematical models and computer studies published, which help to understand the complex hypothalamic-pituitary network. Nevertheless, the putative role of PRL for human reproduction still has to be clarified. Here, we review data on the underlying mechanisms controlling PRL secretion using both experimental and mathematical approaches. These investigations primarily focus on rhythmic secretion in rats during early pregnancy or pseudopregnancy, and they point to the important role of oxytocin as a crucial PRL-releasing factor. Recent data on human studies and their theoretical and clinical implications are reviewed as well. In particular, studies demonstrating a sustained PRL surge after sexual climax in males and females are presented, indicating possible implications for both sexual satiation and reproductive functions. Taking these data together, there is evidence for the hypothesis that the PRL surge induced by sexual activity, together with the altered PRL rhythmic pattern, is important for successful initialization of pregnancy not only in rodents but also possibly in humans. However, further investigations are needed to clarify such a role in humans.

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“…For instance, plasma testosterone levels may be acutely altered in males by the presentation of a female and/or copulation (mice: [32,150]; rat: [128,200]; Rabbit: [107,111,220]; Hamster : [129]; marmoset : [292]; macaques: [53]; Birds: [281]). The fastest effects reported occurred within 5-15 min (in rat: [200]; in mouse: [32]; in rabbit: [220]).…”

Section: Gonadal Production Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fastest effects reported occurred within 5-15 min (in rat: [200]; in mouse: [32]; in rabbit: [220]). A release of pituitary hormones in response to some of these stimuli has also been shown to precede the testosterone release [62, 92,111,125,128,129]. The nature of the stimulus eliciting these responses has been questioned.…”

Section: Gonadal Production Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been suggested that these effects may be purely social, and not sexual, given that a similar increase of hormone concentrations could be evoked by exposure to a non-receptive female [97,125,129,150]. Interestingly, in male rats, LH and testosterone secretion can be conditioned so that after learning they are rapidly induced by a neutral stimulus previously associated with mating [100] or by the arena where males were previously mated [128].…”

Section: Gonadal Production Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Functional significance of the rapid regulation of brain estrogen action: Where do the estrogens come from?

2006

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Estrogens exert a wide variety of actions on reproductive and non-reproductive functions. These effects are mediated by slow and long lasting genomic as well as rapid and transient non-genomic mechanisms. Besides the host of studies demonstrating the role of genomic actions at the physiological and behavioral level, mounting evidence highlights the functional significance of non-genomic effects. However, the source of the rapid changes in estrogen availability that are necessary to sustain their fast actions is rarely questioned. For example, the rise of plasma estrogens at pro-estrus that represents one of the fastest documented changes in plasma estrogen concentration appears too slow to explain these actions. Alternatively, estrogen can be synthesized in the brain by the enzyme aromatase providing a source of locally high concentrations of the steroid. Furthermore, recent studies demonstrate that brain aromatase can be rapidly modulated by afferent inputs, including glutamatergic afferents. A role for rapid changes in estrogen production in the central nervous system is supported by experiments showing that acute aromatase inhibition affects nociception as well as male sexual behavior and that preoptic aromatase activity is rapidly (within min) modulated following mating. Such mechanisms thus fulfill the gap existing between the fast actions of estrogen and their mode of production and open new avenues for the understanding of estrogenic effects on the brain.

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Alterations in plasma concentrations of testosterone, LH, and prolactin associated with mating in the male rat

Cited by 137 publications

References 25 publications

Reflexive testosterone release: A model system for studying the nongenomic effects of testosterone upon male behavior

Reflexive testosterone release: A model system for studying the nongenomic effects of testosterone upon male behavior

Prolactin secretion patterns: basic mechanisms and clinical implications for reproduction

Functional significance of the rapid regulation of brain estrogen action: Where do the estrogens come from?

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