Alterations in the coagulation markers did not show differences with the severity of COVID‐19 in Peruvian patients: A cross‐sectional single‐center study

Abstract

Background and Aims: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease that can lead to altered lung function, systemic inflammatory events, and altered coagulation. During severe stages of the disease, changes in coagulation homeostasis increase, leading to thrombosis, and increased risk of death. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess coagulation markers by COVID-19 severity in Peruvian adults. Methods: During the second wave of infections, we included 186 adults diagnosed with COVID-19 (mean age 53.3 ± 16.3 years). Patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe stages of COVID-19, and coagulation markers included prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, Ddimer, and platelet count.Results: Of the total, 120 (64.5%) were males and 39 (21%) were in the intensive care unit. We determine 104 (55.9%), 43 (24.7%), and 36 (19.4%) patients in mild, moderate, and severe stages of COVID-19, respectively. In the severe stage of COVID-19, patients had an average concentration of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelets of 13.2 ± 0.9 s, 28.9 ± 4.3 s, 679.4 ± 185.1 mg/dL, 1.9 ± 3.1 µg/mL, and 272.8 ± 88.9 cel/10 mm, 3 respectively. We found no differences in the concentration of each marker according to severity (p < 0.05). Patients with severe COVID-19 had altered the aPTT, fibrinogen, and PT in 31 (57.4%), 48 (88.9%), 37 (68.5%), and 15 (27.8%) cases, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that although there is an alteration in coagulation markers, mainly fibrinogen and D-fiber, there are no differences in concentration according to the severity of COVID-19.

Prolonged grief in relatives of deceased patients due to COVID-19 is associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms: A survey-based study in Peru

“… 32 Second, we did not include healthcare workers who are themselves prone to mental health problems (e.g., stress) when providing healthcare services to the general population and patients with COVID-19. It is possible that the frequency of prolonged grief varies in this occupational group as they have been face-to-face with death every day, 17 seeing hundreds of patients die and deciding who they can save during lockdown.…”

“…Participants had to be Peruvian, aged 18 years or older, and have had at least one close family member who died from COVID-19 at any stage of the disease severity (mild, moderate, or severe). 17 However, individuals with pre-existing mental disorders, relatives who died from causes other than COVID-19, or non-close deceased relatives were excluded. Non-close deceased relatives were defined as those who had not resided in the same household for at least 2 years or did not have a first or second-degree kinship.…”

Increase in antibiotic resistance in diabetic foot infections among peruvian patients: a single-center cross-sectional study

“…Firstly, disruptions in healthcare access and routine check-ups during lockdowns or overwhelmed healthcare systems have made it difficult for diabetic patients to receive timely foot care and monitor their condition ( 28 ). Secondly, some studies have shown that individuals with poorly controlled diabetes are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, which may indirectly worsen diabetic foot severity by affecting overall health and immune responses ( 29 , 30 ). Furthermore, the stress and anxiety associated with the pandemic have led to lifestyle changes, including altered dietary habits and reduced physical activity, which can further contribute to poor glycemic control and increased diabetic food syndrome risk ( 31 ).…”

Geospatial analysis of cardiovascular mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru: analysis of the national death registry to support emergency management in Peru

“…It is possible that the cluster of pre-existing conditions including CVD, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity (26,(30)(31)(32)(33) play a determinative role in the observed increase in mortality rates. Furthermore, the unique nature of COVID-19, as manifested through distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics in each outbreak (34), could also contribute to increased mortality rates. Comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay among these variables sheds light on the dynamics and driving forces behind the surge in CVD-related mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”