Alterations in White Matter Evident Before the Onset of Psychosis

Carletti, Francesco; Woolley, James B.; Bhattacharyya, Sagnik; Pérez-Iglesias, Rocí­o; Fusar‐Poli, Paolo; Valmaggia, Lucia; Broome, Matthew R.; Bramon, Elvira; Johns, Louise; Giampietro, Vincent; Williams, Steven; Barker, Gareth J.; McGuire, Philip

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs053

Cited by 196 publications

(173 citation statements)

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“…A recent study 8 found that com pared with controls, patients with FEP had FA reductions within the left ILF, and this FA change was intermediate in ultrahigh risk individuals. To our knowledge, our study is the first to show that this FA reduction in the left ILF is accompa nied by a reduction in AD, indicative of axonal disorganiza tion or loss within this tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Our results reinforce the notion that structural abnormalities in fronto temporoparietal connections are present at the early stages of psychosis, which is in line with DTI reports in patients with FEP. 8,50,62 The left temporal nature of this pathology and its association with worse positive and negative symptoms, depression, symptom severity, semantic fluency and attention highlights that these are important features early in disease progression. Further DTI investigations into early psychosis need to clarify axonal…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 There was no difference in FA in the cingulum between healthy controls, patients with recentonset schizo phrenia and individuals with affective psychosis. 4,5,7 Only 1 report 5 has noted reduced FA in the SLF in patients with FEP compared with controls, and a more recent study 8 found that compared with controls, patients with FEP had FA re ductions within the left ILF. Hence, there are very few inves tigations into white matter tractography in patients with early psychosis, existing studies have modest sample sizes (average 27 patients with psychosis and 23 controls), and studies have yet to report on all major white matter tracts with more detailed white matter measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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White matter tractography in early psychosis: clinical and neurocognitive associations

Hatton

Lagopoulos

Hermens

et al. 2014

jpn

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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White matter tractography in early psychosis: clinical and neurocognitive associations

Hatton

Lagopoulos

Hermens

et al. 2014

jpn

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] For example, in a recent longitudinal DTI study, 10 there was a group by time interaction effect (in a cluster around the left anterior limb of the internal capsule) such that CHR individuals who converted to psychosis during the study showed a more negative fractional anisotropy (FA) trajectory than CHR subjects who did not convert. At baseline, these 2 subgroups did not show differences in FA, axial diffusivity (AD), or radial diffusivity (RD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White Matter Microstructure in Individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis: A Whole-Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Hohenberg

Pasternak

Kubicki³

et al. 2013

Schizophrenia Bulletin

103

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Background:The study of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis provides an important opportunity for unraveling pathological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia and related disorders. A small number of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) studies in CHR samples have yielded anatomically inconsistent results. The present study is the first to apply tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to perform a whole-brain DTI analysis in CHR subjects. Methods: A total of 28 individuals meeting CHR criteria and 34 healthy controls underwent DTI. TBSS was used for a group comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA), as well as axial, radial, and mean diffusivity (AD, RD, and MD). Conversion to psychosis was monitored during a mean follow-up period of 12.3 months. Results: The rate of conversion to psychosis was relatively low (4%). TBSS revealed increased MD in several clusters in the right hemisphere, most notably in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), posterior corona radiata, and corpus callosum (splenium and body). Increased RD was restricted to a smaller area in the posterior parietal lobe. Conclusion: We present further evidence that white matter microstructure is abnormal in CHR individuals, even in a sample in which the vast majority do not transition to psychosis over the following year. In accord with previous studies on CHR individuals and patients with early-onset schizophrenia, our findings suggest an important pathological role for the parietal lobe and especially the SLF. The latter is known to undergo particularly dynamic microstructural changes during adolescence and early adulthood, a critical phase for the development of psychotic illness.

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“…Most studies that investigate familial HR cohorts have been cross-sectional; however, some have shown that dynamic changes occur before disorder onset in those at HR for familial or clinical reasons (14)(15)(16)(17). This suggests that a vulnerability to schizophrenia entails both initial structural abnormalities coupled with aberrant development.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cortical Surface Area Differentiates Familial High Risk Individuals Who Go on to Develop Schizophrenia

Bois

Ronan

Levita

et al. 2015

Biological Psychiatry

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ReuseThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can't change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Archival Report Cortical Surface Area Differentiates Familial High Risk Individuals Who Go on to Develop SchizophreniaCatherine Bois, Lisa Ronan, Liat Levita, Heather C. Whalley, Stephen Giles, Andrew M. McIntosh, Paul C. Fletcher, David C. Owens, Eve C. Johnstone, and Stephen M. Lawrie ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with structural brain abnormalities that may be present before disease onset. It remains unclear whether these represent general vulnerability indicators or are associated with the clinical state itself. METHODS: To investigate this, structural brain scans were acquired at two time points (mean scan interval 1.87 years) in a cohort of individuals at high familial risk of schizophrenia (n 5 142) and control subjects (n 5 36). Cortical reconstructions were generated using FreeSurfer. The high-risk cohort was subdivided into individuals that remained well during the study, individuals that had transient psychotic symptoms, and individuals that subsequently became ill. Baseline measures and longitudinal change in global estimates of thickness and surface area and lobar values were compared, focusing on overall differences between high-risk individuals and control subjects and then on group differences within the high-risk cohort. RESULTS: Longitudinally, control subjects showed a significantly greater reduction in cortical surface area compared with the high-risk group. Within the high-risk group, differences in surface area at baseline predicted clinical course, with individuals that subsequently became ill having significantly larger surface area than individuals that remained well during the study. For thickness, longitudinal reductions were most prominent in the frontal, cingulate, and occipital lobes in all high-risk individuals compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that larger surface areas at baseline may be associated with mechanisms that go above and beyond a general familial disposition. A relative preservation over time of surface area, coupled with a thinning of the cortex compared with control subjects, may serve as vulnerability markers of schizophrenia.

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Alterations in White Matter Evident Before the Onset of Psychosis

Cited by 196 publications

References 40 publications

White matter tractography in early psychosis: clinical and neurocognitive associations

White matter tractography in early psychosis: clinical and neurocognitive associations

White Matter Microstructure in Individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis: A Whole-Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Cortical Surface Area Differentiates Familial High Risk Individuals Who Go on to Develop Schizophrenia

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