Alterations of Amphetamine Reward by Prior Nicotine and Alcohol Treatment: The Role of Age and Dopamine

Stojakovic, Andrea; Ahmad, Samia; Lutfy, Kabirullah

doi:10.3390/brainsci11040420

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(87 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Prior works have found differences in behavioral and neurochemical changes induced by amphetamine-type stimulants between adolescent and adult rodents [49][50][51][52]. Consistent with these studies, we found behavioral changes between adolescent and adult rats following ethanol conditioning with prior (binge) mephedrone administration during adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Alteration of Ethanol Reward by Prior Mephedrone Exposure: The Role of Age and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)

Grochecki

Smaga

Marszałek‐Grabska

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mephedrone, a synthetic cathinone, is widely abused by adolescents and young adults. The aim of this study was to determine: i) whether prior mephedrone exposure would alter ethanol reward and ii) whether age and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are important in this regard. In our research, male Wistar rats at postnatal day 30 (PND30) received mephedrone at the dose of 10 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times a day for 7 days. To clarify the role of MMP-9 in the mephedrone effects, one mephedrone-treated group received minocycline, as an MMP-9 antagonist. Animals were then assigned to conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure at PND38 (adolescent) or at PND69 (adult). After the CPP test (PND48/79), expression of dopamine D1 receptors (D1R), Cav1.2 (a subtype of L-type calcium channels), and MMP-9 was quantified in the rat ventral striatum (vSTR). The influence of mephedrone administration on the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDAR) subunits (GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B) was then assessed in the vSTR of adult rats (only). These results indicate that, in contrast with adolescent rats, adult rats with prior mephedrone administration appear to be more sensitive to the ethanol effect in the CPP test under the drug-free state. The mephedrone effect in adult rats was associated with upregulation of D1R, NMDAR/GluN2B, MMP-9, and Cav1.2 signaling. MMP-9 appears to contribute to these changes in proteins expression because minocycline pretreatment blocked mephedrone-evoked sensitivity to ethanol reward. Thus, our results suggest that prior mephedrone exposure differentially alters ethanol reward in adolescent and adult rats.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Alteration of Ethanol Reward by Prior Mephedrone Exposure: The Role of Age and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)

Grochecki

Smaga

Marszałek‐Grabska

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are multiple ways to quantify CPP; however, these analytic approaches can be divided into two primary categories: (1) measuring the shift in time spent in the CS + compartment from pretest to posttest and (2) comparing the time spent in the CS + compartment to the time spent in the CS – compartment during the pretest and the posttest. CPP is primarily quantified by applying a factorial ANOVA or a t test (or nonparametric equivalents) to determine if time spent in the CS + compartment increases from pretest to posttest ( Yates et al, 2021a ) or to determine if the time spent in the CS + compartment is higher than the time spent in the CS – compartment during the posttest ( Stojakovic et al, 2021 ). Imagine a researcher wants to determine if a pharmacological treatment differentially alters cocaine CPP in male and female rats living either in isolation or in social groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying conditioned place preference: a review of current analyses and a proposal for a novel approach

Yates

2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conditioned place preference (CPP) is used to measure the conditioned rewarding effects of a stimulus, including food, drugs, and social interaction. Because various analytic approaches can be used to quantify CPP, this can make direct comparisons across studies difficult. Common methods for analyzing CPP involve comparing the time spent in the CS+ compartment (e.g., compartment paired with drug) at posttest to the time spent in the CS+ compartment at pretest or to the CS– compartment (e.g., compartment paired with saline) at posttest. Researchers can analyze the time spent in the compartment(s), or they can calculate a difference score [(CS+post – CS+pre) or (CS+post – CS–post)] or a preference ratio (e.g., CS+post/(CS+post + CS–post)). While each analysis yields results that are, overall, highly correlated, there are situations in which different analyses can lead to discrepant interpretations. The current paper discusses some of the limitations associated with current analytic approaches and proposes a novel method for quantifying CPP, the adjusted CPP score, which can help resolve the limitations associated with current approaches. The adjusted CPP score is applied to both hypothetical and previously published data. Another major topic covered in this paper is methodologies for determining if individual subjects have met criteria for CPP. The paper concludes by highlighting ways in which researchers can increase transparency and replicability in CPP studies.

show abstract

Propranolol as a Model Drug to Treat Smoking Cessation and its Formulation as a Transdermal Patch for Effective Management

Mohapatra¹,

Srivastava²,

Varshney³

et al. 2023

LDDD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Smoking causes cancer, breathing problems, heart attacks, and stroke and can lead to asthma and breathing problems. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is considered one of the most widely accepted methods to quit smoking. However, it can lead to relapsed physical and psychological dependence. Aim: The present study aimed to explore propranolol, as a model drug to treat relapsed physical and psychological dependence due to NRT in smoking cessation. Furthermore, for its effective management, the transdermal drug delivery system has opted for effective and long-term release of propranolol. Material and Method: The molecular association of propranolol with eight different potential targets, namely, Acetylcholine Binding Protein (AChBP), Cannabinoid Receptor, CB1 and CB2, Monoamine oxidase (MAO), human dopamine D3 receptor, kainite, Leu- biogenic amine transporters (BAT) and α-type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor were studied via molecular simulation models. Polymeric films containing propranolol HCI were prepared and evaluated to select a suitable formulation for developing transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). Films containing different ratios of HPMC K4M, HPMC 15M, and Sodium CMC were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using PEG 4000 incorporated as a plasticizer, and SLS was used to act as a penetration enhancer. Manufactured transdermal films were physically evaluated for thickness, weight uniformity %, moisture content %, moisture uptake %, drug content %, and folding endurance. Result: Results indicated that propranolol can interact with all eight receptors at the active binding site. It was found to show considerable interaction with Acetylcholine Binding Protein (AChBP), MAO, human dopamine D3 receptor, kainite, and Leu- biogenic amine transporters (BAT) with the binding energy of -6.27, -6.74, -7.07, -6.84, and -6.63 kcal/mol respectively. The release rate of propranolol HCI decreased linearly with increasing polymer concentration in the film and depended on the film thickness. In contrast, the quantity of drug release was proportional to the square root of time. Kinetic data based on the release exponent, ‘n’ in the Peppas model showed that n values were between 0.95 and 1.08, indicating that drug release from polymer matrix was predominantly by diffusion with swelling. Conclusion: Transdermal drug delivery of propranolol could act as a potential regulator of all studied targets associated with physical and psychological dependence associated with NRT and smoking cessation. Furthermore, propranolol loaded transdermal patches with optimized release could be utilized to deliver the drug with optimum bioavailability for a considerable time.

show abstract

Alterations of Amphetamine Reward by Prior Nicotine and Alcohol Treatment: The Role of Age and Dopamine

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Alteration of Ethanol Reward by Prior Mephedrone Exposure: The Role of Age and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)

Alteration of Ethanol Reward by Prior Mephedrone Exposure: The Role of Age and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)

Quantifying conditioned place preference: a review of current analyses and a proposal for a novel approach

Propranolol as a Model Drug to Treat Smoking Cessation and its Formulation as a Transdermal Patch for Effective Management

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About