“…The computational feature behind deviance detection is currently thought to be foundation and trigger of higher order cognitive functions (Näätänen, Astikainen, Ruusuvirta, & Huotilainen, 2010) such as attention (Fritz, Elhilali, David, & Shamma, 2007; Sussman, Winkler, & Wang, 2003) and memory (Bartha-Doering, Deuster, Giordano, am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, & Dobel, 2015; Ranganath & Rainer, 2003). Consequently, it is not surprising that MMN is not only disrupted in patients suffering from neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions, with a characteristically prominent reduction in schizophrenia (Baldeweg, Klugman, Gruzelier, & Hirsch, 2004; Damaso, Michie, & Todd, 2015; Ells et al., 2018; Fisher et al., 2018; Haigh et al., 2017; Javitt & Sweet, 2015; Joshi et al., 2018; Kantrowitz, Swerdlow, Dunn, & Vinogradov, 2018; Koshiyama et al., 2018; Näätänen & Kähkönen, 2009; Todd, Harms, Schall, & Michie, 2013), but also altered in other pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease (Brønnick, Nordby, Larsen, & Aarsland, 2010; Heldmann et al., 2017; Minks et al., 2014; Pekkonen, Jousmäki, Reinikainen, & Partanen, 1995; Seer, Lange, Georgiev, Jahanshahi, & Kopp, 2016; Solís-Vivanco et al., 2011), Alzheimer’s disease (Idrizbegovic, Hederstierna, & Rosenhall, 2016; Jiang et al., 2017; Papadaniil et al., 2016; Pekkonen, 2000; Pekkonen, Hirvonen, Jääskeläinen, Kaakkola, & Huttunen, 2001; Tsolaki et al., 2017), autism spectrum disorders (Goris et al., 2018; Hudac et al., 2018; Schwartz, Shinn-Cunningham, & Tager-Flusberg, 2018; Vlaskamp et al., 2017), and language impairments (Davids et al., 2011; Kujala & Leminen, 2017). Because of this, MMN has become a central tool in cognitive and clinical neuroscience (Bartha-Doering et al., 2015; Kujala, Tervaniemi, & Schröger, 2007; Näätänen, Paavilainen, Rinne, & Alho, 2007; Näätän...…”