Alterations of Gut Microbiota After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Shao, Yikai; Ding, Rui; Xu, Bo; Hua, Rong; Shen, Qiwei; He, Kai; Yao, Qiyuan

doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2297-7

Cited by 83 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous clinical studies have shown clear alterations in the microbiota associated to these treatments, especially in Proteobacteria (such as E. coli ) (Zhang et al, 2009; Furet et al, 2010; Kong et al, 2013; Tremaroli et al, 2015; Palleja et al, 2016). Evidence in animal models indicate a similar pattern of microbiota alteration (Liou et al, 2013; Shao et al, 2016). In concordance with previous studies, an important increase in Proteobacteria in RYGB and SG was observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Medina

Pedreros

Turiel

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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Bariatric surgery is highly successful in improving health compared to conventional dietary treatments. It has been suggested that the gut microbiota is a relevant factor in weight loss after bariatric surgery. Considering that bariatric procedures cause different rearrangements of the digestive tract, they probably have different effects on the gut microbiota. In this study, we compared the impact of medical treatment, sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the gut microbiota from obese subjects. Anthropometric and clinical parameters were registered before, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Fecal samples were collected and microbiota composition was studied before and six months post treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. In comparison to dietary treatment, changes in intestinal microbiota were more pronounced in patients subjected to surgery, observing a bloom in Proteobacteria. Interestingly, Bacteroidetes abundance was largely different after six months of each surgical procedure. Furthermore, changes in weight and BMI, or glucose metabolism, correlated positively with changes in these two phyla in these surgical procedures. These results indicate that distinct surgical procedures alter the gut microbiota differently, and changes in gut microbiota might contribute to health improvement. This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of weight loss surgery on the gut microbiota, and could be used to replicate this effect using targeted therapies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Medina

Pedreros

Turiel

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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“…Considering that systemic administration of ghrelin increases brain MOR mRNA expression in rats (Skibicka et al, 2012), it is possible that the RYGB-mediated lowering in plasma ghrelin contributes to reduced brain MOR levels postoperatively. Profound changes in gut microbiota also take place after RYGB in humans and rodents (Furet et al, 2010; Liou et al, 2013; Shao et al, 2016). Interestingly, secreted proteins from gut E. coli have been found to influence brain opioidergic feeding circuits (Breton et al, 2016) and may too underlie altered brain MOR signaling after RYGB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressed Fat Appetite after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Associates with Reduced Brain μ-opioid Receptor Availability in Diet-Induced Obese Male Rats

Hankir

Patt

et al. 2017

Front. Neurosci.

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Brain μ-opioid receptors (MORs) stimulate high-fat (HF) feeding and have been implicated in the distinct long term outcomes on body weight of bariatric surgery and dieting. Whether alterations in fat appetite specifically following these disparate weight loss interventions relate to changes in brain MOR signaling is unknown. To address this issue, diet-induced obese male rats underwent either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sham surgeries. Postoperatively, animals were placed on a two-choice diet consisting of low-fat (LF) and HF food and sham-operated rats were further split into ad libitum fed (Sham-LF/HF) and body weight-matched (Sham-BWM) to RYGB groups. An additional set of sham-operated rats always only on a LF diet (Sham-LF) served as lean controls, making four experimental groups in total. Corresponding to a stage of weight loss maintenance for RYGB rats, two-bottle fat preference tests in conjunction with small-animal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies with the selective MOR radioligand [11C]carfentanil were performed. Brains were subsequently collected and MOR protein levels in the hypothalamus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex were analyzed by Western Blot. We found that only the RYGB group presented with intervention-specific changes: having markedly suppressed intake and preference for high concentration fat emulsions, a widespread reduction in [11C]carfentanil binding potential (reflecting MOR availability) in various brain regions, and a downregulation of striatal and prefrontal MOR protein levels compared to the remaining groups. These findings suggest that the suppressed fat appetite caused by RYGB surgery is due to reduced brain MOR signaling, which may contribute to sustained weight loss unlike the case for dieting.

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“…Similar gut microbial changes were seen after non-surgical weight loss [112,118]. Unlike in non-surgical weight loss, there was an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, specifically Escherichia coli, after RYGB [115][116][117][119][120][121][122][123]. Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae were also associated with weight loss after RYGB [122,123].…”

Section: Intestinal Motility After Rygbmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Unlike in non-surgical weight loss, there was an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, specifically Escherichia coli, after RYGB [115][116][117][119][120][121][122][123]. Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae were also associated with weight loss after RYGB [122,123]. Finally, compared to obese microbiota, RYGB gut microbiota transplant into germ-free mice led to weight loss and improved glucose tolerance [117,124,125].…”

Section: Intestinal Motility After Rygbmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery on Neurohormonal and Gastrointestinal Physiology: Insights for Future Weight Loss Efforts

Hussan¹,

Ugbarugba²,

Krishna³

et al. 2017

J Obes Weight Loss Ther

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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), is an effective weight loss intervention for patients failing conventional nonsurgical methods. Despite its popularity, only a subset of patients undergo RYGB due to its cumbersome nature. Furthermore, patients may experience nutritional deficiencies or weight regain after RYGB. This review will delineate the less known impact of RYGB on neurohormonal and gastrointestinal physiology involved in weight loss. Understanding these alterations will contribute to the development of future novel investigations targeting viable weight loss strategies.

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Alterations of Gut Microbiota After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Cited by 83 publications

References 34 publications

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Suppressed Fat Appetite after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Associates with Reduced Brain μ-opioid Receptor Availability in Diet-Induced Obese Male Rats

Impact of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery on Neurohormonal and Gastrointestinal Physiology: Insights for Future Weight Loss Efforts

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