Alterations of neuronal precursor cells in stages of human adult neurogenesis in heroin addicts

Bayer, R.; Franke, Heike; Ficker, Christoph; Richter, Monique; Lessig, Rüdiger; Büttner, Andreas; Weber, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.005

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Authors reported reduced numbers of three biomarkers representing different stages of the HN process: Ki67, as marker for cell proliferation, the sex determining region Y-box (Sox2) as stem/ progenitor cell marker, and doublecortin (DCX) as marker of neural maturation in the dentate gyrus in subjects with ongoing alcohol abuse. These results converge with previous findings in human with a history of drug abuse [60]. Otherwise, neuroimaging studies allow the detection that alcohol abuse could also impair hippocampal volume.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence Of Auds Contributing To Hippocampal Neurogsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rethinking the Use of Antidepressants to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders and Depression Comorbidity: The Role of Neurogenesis

Ballesta¹,

Alén²,

Fonseca³

et al. 2019

Antidepressants - Preclinical, Clinical and Translational Aspects

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Patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are frequently treated with antidepressant drugs (ADs), but clinical evidence of their efficacy is contradictory. Considering that ADs are thought to produce their therapeutic effects partially by increasing hippocampal plasticity and neurogenesis (HN), and that both AUDs and depression share a potential for the disruption of these neuroplastic processes, one could reasonably wonder whether the poor efficacy of AD treatment could be explained by the inability of these drugs to exert their proper action in patients suffering from AUD or depression. In order to further clarify this question, this chapter aims to examine available data regarding the effect of ADs on behavioral and HN alterations related to alcohol abstinence, as a key period in which the treatment would be implemented and in which their potential effects on alcohol-related problems remain under controversy.

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Section: Clinical Evidence Of Auds Contributing To Hippocampal Neurogsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rethinking the Use of Antidepressants to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders and Depression Comorbidity: The Role of Neurogenesis

Ballesta¹,

Alén²,

Fonseca³

et al. 2019

Antidepressants - Preclinical, Clinical and Translational Aspects

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“…posterior portion of the left hippocampus was used in this study, we have applied a two-dimensional quantitative approach (Bayer et al, 2015) with respect to unit area of GCL as reference rather than using volume as in stereological studies. The use of the GCL area as a reference was chosen to minimize error due to oblique cutting that is inevitable because of the irregular structure of the DG.…”

Section: Quantification Of Markers Of Proliferation Stem/ Progenitormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alterations in adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation has been linked to diseases such as Alzheimer's, depression, schizophrenia, and to the development of addiction, including alcoholism (Bayer et al, 2015;Boldrini et al, 2013;Nixon and Crews, 2002;Reif et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Alcohol Abuse on Proliferating Cells, Stem/Progenitor Cells, and Immature Neurons in the Adult Human Hippocampus

Maître

Dhanabalan

Bogdanović

et al. 2017

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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In animal studies, impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with behavioral pathologies including addiction to alcohol. We hypothesize that alcohol abuse may have a detrimental effect on the neurogenic pool of the dentate gyrus in the human hippocampus. In this study we investigate whether alcohol abuse affects the number of proliferating cells, stem/progenitor cells, and immature neurons in samples from postmortem human hippocampus. The specimens were isolated from deceased donors with an on-going alcohol abuse, and from controls with no alcohol overconsumption. Mid-hippocampal sections were immunostained for Ki67, a marker for cell proliferation, Sox2, a stem/progenitor cell marker, and DCX, a marker for immature neurons. Immunoreactivity was counted in alcoholic subjects and compared with controls. Counting was performed in the three layers of dentate gyrus: the subgranular zone, the granular cell layer, and the molecular layer. Our data showed reduced numbers of all three markers in the dentate gyrus in subjects with an on-going alcohol abuse. This reduction was most prominent in the subgranular zone, and uniformly distributed across the distances from the granular cell layer. Furthermore, alcohol abusers showed a more pronounced reduction of Sox2-IR cells than DCX-IR cells, suggesting that alcohol primarily causes a depletion of the stem/progenitor cell pool and that immature neurons are secondarily affected. These results are in agreement with observations of impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis in animal studies and lend further support for the association between hippocampal dysfunction and alcohol abuse.

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“…Specific changes in SGZ − subgranular zone of human DG has been documented postmortem after ~2 days of heroin intoxication [108] . In addicts neurons positive to Musashi-1 has decreased (despite one outlier) in numbers to ~10 vs. 17% in controls.…”

Section: Heroinmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The latter difference is perhaps derived by longer maximal age spans in controls up to ~40 vs. 30 years. This study is insightful in terms of view point as 'without a doubt, it is important to compare animal data to humans' [108] and how the total parameters of heroin addicts matched those of controls in regard to age, average age, age spans, brain weight, and gender. Addict females were younger than males with mean values of ~20 vs. 27 years.…”

Section: Heroinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addictive neurons

2018

Ther Targets Neurol Dis

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Since the reward center is considered to be the area tegmentalis ventralis of the hypothalamus, logically its neurons could mainly be responsible for addiction. However, the literature asserts that almost any neurons of CNS can respond to one or another addictive compound. Obviously not only addictive nicotine, but also alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, heroin and morphine may influence dopaminergic cells alone in VTA. Moreover, paradoxically some of these drugs ameliorate symptoms, counterbalance syndromes, cure diseases and improve health, not only those related to the CNS and in adults, but also almost all other organs and in children, e.g. epilepsy.

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Alterations of neuronal precursor cells in stages of human adult neurogenesis in heroin addicts

Cited by 39 publications

References 83 publications

Rethinking the Use of Antidepressants to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders and Depression Comorbidity: The Role of Neurogenesis

Rethinking the Use of Antidepressants to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders and Depression Comorbidity: The Role of Neurogenesis

Effects of Alcohol Abuse on Proliferating Cells, Stem/Progenitor Cells, and Immature Neurons in the Adult Human Hippocampus

Addictive neurons

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