Altered activity patterns and reduced abundance of native mammals in sites with feral dogs in the high Andes

Zapata‐Ríos, Galo; Branch, Lyn C.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.016

Cited by 122 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Several species were mainly diurnal, as previously reported for T. ornatus, M. frenata, D. punctata, and S. granatensis (Smythe 1978;Castellanos et al 2005;Jiménez et al 2010;Zapata-Ríos and Branch 2016) as were domestic and feral species such as dogs, cattle and horses (See Table 2); however, most species (M. rufina, D. pernigra, N. olivacea, C. semistriatus, L. wiedii, and C. taczanowskii) were found to be more active at night consistent with previous reports (Lizcano and Alvarez 2008;González-Maya et al 2009;Jiménez et al 2010;Zapata-Ríos and Branch 2016), and only few species were cathemeral (i. e., N. nasua and P. concolor). Preliminary data from our study indicate activity patterns of predators like P. concolor are partially concordant with the activity peaks of potential prey species (e.g., D. pernigra), which also was supported by overlapping of these species on the same localities, as previously reported for similar areas (Mosquera-Muñoz et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Terrestrial medium and large-sized mammal’s diversity and activity patterns from Tamá National Natural Park and buffer zone, Colombia

Cáceres-Martínez

Acevedo

González‐Maya³

2016

Therya

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The eastern mountain range of Andes in Colombia is one of the least studied areas for mammals in the country, yet, potentially one of the most diverse. Here we present the first survey of medium and large-sized mammals for Tamá National Natural Park (NNP) and La Carpa and La Rochela buffer areas, as basic information for the conservation and management of the NNP, including the potential inclusion of these buffer zones as part of the NNP. We used different complementary survey techniques (i. e., camera-traps, transects and interviews) to assess the diversity of these mammals in a 216 km 2 area of the park; our effort included 72 linear transects of 1.8 Km, opportunistic sampling sessions, 16,714 camera trap-days, 39 structured interviews and indirect records and direct observation of animals. We recorded 21 species of mammals classified in 8 orders and 16 families distributed in four conservation categories. Complementary methods significantly improved the results. We found a dominant nocturnal activity pattern for the assemblage and low activity overlapping among most species. This is the first assessment of medium and large-sized mammal's diversity for Tamá NNP and for most North-eastern Andes in the country. Our results highlight the presence of large threatened species such as Tremarctos ornatus, Puma concolor and Mazama rufina. Our results could serve as basis for the conservation planning and management of the protected area and its buffer zones, and the potential expansion of the park. La cordillera Oriental de los Andes en Colombia es una de las áreas menos estudiadas para los mamíferos en Colombia, sin embargo, potencialmente, una de las más diversas en el país. Aquí presentamos la primera evaluación de los mamíferos medianos y grandes para el Parque Nacional Natural (PNN) Tamá y las zonas de amortiguamiento La Carpa y La Rochela, como información básica para la conservación y manejo del PNN y el manejo del área, incluyendo la potencial inclusión de estas zonas como parte del PNN. Utilizamos diferentes técnicas de muestreo complementarias (i. e., Cámaras trampa, transectos y entrevistas) para evaluar la diversidad de los mamíferos en 216 km 2 ; nuestro esfuerzo incluyó 72 transectos lineales de 1.8 km, sesiones de muestreo oportunistas, 16,714 días/trampa, 39 entrevistas estructuradas y registros indirectos y la observación directa de los animales. Se registraron 21 especies de mamíferos clasificadas en 8 órdenes y 16 familias distribuidas en cuatro categorías de conservación. Esta es la primera evaluación de la diversidad de mamíferos medianos y grandes del PNN Tamá y para la mayor parte de los Andes Nororientales del país. Nuestros resultados resaltan la presencia de especies amenazadas grandes como Tremarctos ornatus, Puma concolor and Mazama rufina. Nuestros resultados servirán de base para el manejo y planificación de conservación del área protegida y sus zonas de amortiguamiento, así como la potencial ampliación del mismo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Terrestrial medium and large-sized mammal’s diversity and activity patterns from Tamá National Natural Park and buffer zone, Colombia

Cáceres-Martínez

Acevedo

González‐Maya³

2016

Therya

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“…Elsewhere, variation in vicuña flight behavior was mediated by the presence of poachers (Donadio and Buskirk ) or pumas (Donadio and Buskirk ), which likely both occur in the CFPR, but rarely. On the other hand, observations in nearby Cotopaxi National Park, Ecuador, support a considerable effect of feral dogs just by their presence in the Andean ecosystem (Zapata‐Ríos and Branch ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock and the functional habitat of vicuñas in Ecuador: a new puzzle

2018

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Abstract. Whether interactions between wildlife and livestock are competitive or facilitative is context dependent. Intermediary factors that explain how context (seasonal or regional characteristics of the ecological community) affects these interactions are rarely reported. We compared activity time and density in vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) introduced into the Chimborazo Faunal Production Reserve (CFPR), Ecuador, to describe how they interact with livestock. We compared vicuña density in wetlands and uplands (two landscape structures) with and without livestock (two conditions) using an isodar approach. We measured, over two seasons, vicuña forage abundance, composition, preference and accessibility, time vicuñas spent vigilant, and their flight distances on approach. We tested optimal foraging theory relating to the hypothesis that time mediates behavior, and found that vicuñas were no less frequently vigilant, nor were flight distances greater, during a wet season or in habitats of greater forage abundance and accessibility. We also found no evidence that vicuña behavior was density dependent; instead, we found that more time was spent vigilant by vicuñas when they foraged near livestock in rainy regions during the dry season. Although forage abundance was similar throughout CFPR during a dry season, better forage quality in areas occupied by livestock may constitute an effect of their facilitating vicuñas. A puzzling finding, because it was not explained by any of the other variables we measured, was that at low densities vicuñas selected habitat irrespective of livestock, and where their density was higher, it was doubly so adjacent to livestock. We conclude that in the CFPR, spatial heterogeneity in habitat quality determines the interactions between livestock and vicuñas. To support recommendations that minimize competition between wildlife and livestock, and to expand on descriptions of the contexts that determine the direction of species interactions, future study may require a wider sampling of the densities of sympatric large herbivores in general, and, in the CFPR, a closer resolution of spatial heterogeneity in forage plant quality.

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“…Dog activity closely matched that of humans; however, the presence of an evening activity peak exclusive to dogs indicates that their presence may be exacerbating the disturbance effects. Indeed, dogs often elicit stronger stress responses in wild animals than humans (Lord, Waas, Innes, & Whittingham, ; MacArthur, Johnston, & Geist, ), predate many local species (Young et al, ), and have caused temporal activity shifts in several other native forest mammals (Gerber, Karpanty, & Randrianantenaina, ; Zapata‐Ríos & Branch, ). Bearded pigs may be particularly sensitive to dogs due to a long history of using dogs for hunting in Borneo (Corlett, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in the demographics and behavior of bearded pigs (Sus barbatus) across a land‐use gradient

et al. 2019

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Beyond broad‐scale investigations of species diversity and abundance, there is little information on how land conversion in the tropics is affecting the behavior and demographics of surviving species. To fill these knowledge gaps, we explored the effects of land‐use change on the ecologically important and threatened bearded pig (Sus barbatus) over seven years in Borneo. Random placement of camera traps across a land‐use gradient of primary forest, logged forest, and oil palm plantations (32,542 trap nights) resulted in 2,303 independent capture events. Land‐use was associated with changes in the age structure and activity patterns of photographed individuals, alongside large changes in abundance shown previously. The proportion of adults recorded declined from 92% in primary forests to 76% in logged forests, and 67% in plantations, likely indicating increased fecundity in secondary forests. Activity level (capture rate) did not vary, but activity patterns changed markedly, from diurnal in primary forests, crepuscular in logged forests, to nocturnal in plantations. These changes corresponded with avoidance of diurnal human activity and may also protect bearded pigs from increased thermal stress in warmer degraded forests. The percentage of adult captures that were groups rather than individuals increased five‐fold from primary forests (4%) to logged forests (20%), possibly due to increased mating or in response to perceived threats from indirect human disturbance. We recommend further investigation of the demographic and behavioral effects of land‐use change on keystone species as altered population structure, activity patterns, and social behavior may have knock‐on effects for entire ecosystems.

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Altered activity patterns and reduced abundance of native mammals in sites with feral dogs in the high Andes

Cited by 122 publications

References 50 publications

Terrestrial medium and large-sized mammal’s diversity and activity patterns from Tamá National Natural Park and buffer zone, Colombia

Terrestrial medium and large-sized mammal’s diversity and activity patterns from Tamá National Natural Park and buffer zone, Colombia

Livestock and the functional habitat of vicuñas in Ecuador: a new puzzle

Shifts in the demographics and behavior of bearded pigs (Sus barbatus) across a land‐use gradient

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