Altered Challenge Response in Whitefish Subchronically Exposed in Areas Polluted by Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

Lappivaara, Jarmo; Oikari, Aimo

doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1749

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…Elevation of cortisol concentrations in fish is one of the first nonspecific responses to stress stimuli (Donaldson, 1981), and is know to occur in fish as a response to toxicant exposures (Tables 3 and 4) (Hontela et al, 1995;Waring et al, 1996). Altered secondary stress responses, particularly in liver glycogen levels, were reported for whitefish (Coregonus levaretus) that were subchronically exposed in cages to BKME (Lappivaara and Oikari, 1999). Downloaded by [University of New Mexico] at 02:16 01 December 2014 Hontela et al (1995) showed that chronically exposed fish from sites contaminated with metal and organic chemicals in the St. Lawrence River secreted less cortisol in response to capture stress compared to control fish.…”

Section: Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems

Sherry

2003

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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Much progress has been made in abating the impacts on aquatic ecosystems of industrial wastewaters, intensive agriculture, and large urban centres. Nowadays the short term consequence of stress from such sources is less frequently the death and destruction of fish populations or entire communities of organisms. Large scale fish kills are now less common. Scientific attention has shifted to the effects on ecosystems of long term exposures to sublethal stressors. Although use of the term 'ecosystem health' is a topic of debate, the metaphor can usefully reflect a state of well being or absence of impaired survival, growth, reproduction, and recruitment problems in an ecosystem's key organisms. The present article explores the use of the physiological and biochemical responses of organisms to stressors, the so-called 'biomarkers, ' to assess and study the sublethal effects of chemical stressors in fish. Fish were chosen as the organism of example because they are key components of practically all aquatic ecosystems. Most biomarkers can be used as an early warning that fish have been exposed to putative stressors, and can often be used to help identify the stressor(s). Biomarkers, however, tell us little about the eventual ecological outcome of such exposures. Some biomarkers are mechanistically linked to toxic modes of action, and can thus be classed as 'biomarkers of effect' at the level of the individual organism. None, however, have been fully validated and calibrated as predictive indicators of adverse ecological effects at either the population or community levels. Biomarkers are valueable as part of a broader strategy for monitoring the effects of stressors on aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems

Sherry

2003

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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Attenuated Carbohydrate and Gill Na+ , K+-ATPase Stress Responses in Whitefish Caged near Bleached Kraft Mill Discharges

Lappivaara

Mikkonen

Soimasuo

2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Bioaccumulation and Subchronic Physiological Effects of Waterborne Iron Overload on Whitefish Exposed in Humic and Nonhumic Water

Lappivaara

Kiviniemi

Oikari

1999

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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One-year-old whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, were exposed to three types of iron-rich water, two dilutions for each, in a subchronic (30-day) experiment. In natural iron-rich humic water, both the bioaccumulation and physiological effects of iron exposure were negligible. In humic-free water with high amount of additional inorganic iron (nominally 8 mg Fe/L), Fe accumulated in gills, liver, and gut. This accumulation was accompanied by decreased glycogen phosphorylase activities and microsomal EROD activity in the liver as well as decreased plasma sodium and potassium concentrations. The third group of whitefish were exposed by adding inorganic iron (nominally 2 and 8 mg Fe/L) to natural iron-rich humic water. Fish exposed to the higher concentration of waterborne iron exhibited a physiological stress response as indicated by increased blood lactate and plasma cortisol concentrations. Additionally, plasma 17beta-estradiol concentration was increased in fish kept in both water conditions with high amounts of additional iron. The observed dissimilarities in bioaccumulation and in physiological responses were not connected with the measured amounts of total or dissolved iron in water, but to the amount of additional iron in tanks and to the different water conditions with or without organic matter. The dissimilarity of physiological responses, which was also shown by statistical classification through multivariate discriminant analysis, points to the necessity of variable and complementary physiological endpoints in describing the effects of similar kind of exposures.http://link.springer-ny. com/link/service/journals/00244/bibs/37n2p196.html

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Altered Challenge Response in Whitefish Subchronically Exposed in Areas Polluted by Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems

The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems

Attenuated Carbohydrate and Gill Na+ , K+-ATPase Stress Responses in Whitefish Caged near Bleached Kraft Mill Discharges

Bioaccumulation and Subchronic Physiological Effects of Waterborne Iron Overload on Whitefish Exposed in Humic and Nonhumic Water

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