Altered composition of the gut microbiome in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy

Peng, Anjiao; Qiu, Xiangmiao; Lai, Wanlin; Li, Wanling; Zhang, Lin; Zhu, Xiongwei; He, Shixu; Duan, Jianan; Chen, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.013

Cited by 161 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On genus level, several differences were also found. Based on these results, one could hypothesize a role for bacteria in the effectivity of medication for epilepsy, but no causal statements can be made (Peng et al, 2018). Interestingly, zonisamide, an anticonvulsant drug, is metabolized by gut bacteria (Kitamura et al, 1997).…”

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A difference in gut microbiota profiles between patients with different types of therapy refractory epilepsy and healthy controls was found in several studies. All these studies reported increased abundance of the phyla Firmicutes relative to Bacteroidetes in subjects with refractory epilepsy (Xie et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2018;Lindefeldt et al, 2019). Some bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes may alter neurotransmitter levels (Peng et al, 2018).…”

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these studies reported increased abundance of the phyla Firmicutes relative to Bacteroidetes in subjects with refractory epilepsy (Xie et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2018;Lindefeldt et al, 2019). Some bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes may alter neurotransmitter levels (Peng et al, 2018). Further microbiota analysis outcomes differed considerably between these studies, including α-diversity measures (Xie et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2018;Lindefeldt et al, 2019).…”

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes may alter neurotransmitter levels (Peng et al, 2018). Further microbiota analysis outcomes differed considerably between these studies, including α-diversity measures (Xie et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2018;Lindefeldt et al, 2019). One study (Peng et al, 2018) found an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and α-diversity in drug-resistant patients compared to drug-sensitive patients, with the latter being similar to healthy controls.…”

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies suggest an important role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. A different human gut microbiota composition compared to healthy controls has been reported for several neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (Hasegawa et al, 2015;Keshavarzian et al, 2015;Scheperjans et al, 2015;Unger et al, 2016), multiple sclerosis (Miyake et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2016;Jangi et al, 2016;Cosorich et al, 2017), autism spectrum disorder (Finegold et al, 2002(Finegold et al, , 2010De Angelis et al, 2013Kang et al, 2013;Ma et al, 2019), Alzheimer's disease (Vogt et al, 2017;Zhuang et al, 2018;Haran et al, 2019;Li B. et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2019), neuromyelitis optica (Cree et al, 2016), Rett syndrome (Strati et al, 2016), epilepsy (Xie et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2018;Lindefeldt et al, 2019), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Fang et al, 2016;Rowin et al, 2017;Mazzini et al, 2018), cerebral infarction (Karlsson et al, 2012;Yin et al, 2015), spinal cord injury (Gungor et al, 2016), and multiple system atrophy (Tan et al, 2018). However, data on microbiota composition are frequently inconsistent and numerous potential confounders are involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

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Ooijevaar

Jong

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Conclusions: Preliminary literature suggests that FMT may be a promising treatment option for several neurological disorders. However, available evidence is still scanty and some contrasting results were observed. A limited number of studies in humans have been performed or are ongoing, while for some disorders only animal experiments have been conducted. Large double-blinded randomized controlled trials are needed to further elucidate the effect of FMT in neurological disorders.

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Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

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show abstract

Various pharmacological agents in the pipeline against intractable epilepsy

Waris,

Asim,

Ullah

et al. 2024

Archiv der Pharmazie

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Epilepsy is a noncommunicable chronic neurological disorder affecting people of all ages, with the highest prevalence in low and middle‐income countries. Despite the pharmacological armamentarium, the plethora of drugs in the market, and other treatment options, 30%–35% of individuals still show resistance to the current medication, termed intractable epilepsy/drug resistance epilepsy, which contributes to 50% of the mortalities due to epilepsy. Therefore, the development of new drugs and agents is needed to manage this devastating epilepsy. We reviewed the pipeline of drugs in “ClinicalTrials. gov,” which is the federal registry of clinical trials to identify drugs and other treatment options in various phases against intractable epilepsy. A total of 31 clinical trials were found regarding intractable epilepsy. Among them, 48.4% (15) are about pharmacological agents, of which 26.6% are in Phase 1, 60% are in Phase 2, and 13.3% are in Phase 3. The mechanism of action or targets of the majority of these agents are different and are more diversified than those of the approved drugs. In this article, we summarized various pharmacological agents in clinical trials, their backgrounds, targets, and mechanisms of action for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Treatment options other than pharmacological ones, such as devices for brain stimulation, ketogenic diets, gene therapy, and others, are also summarized.

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The microbiota‐gut‐brain axis and epilepsy from a multidisciplinary perspective: Clinical evidence and technological solutions for improvement of in vitro preclinical models

Fusco

Perottoni

Giordano

et al. 2022

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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Epilepsy is a common neurological disease characterized by the enduring predisposition of the brain to generate seizures. Among the recognized causes, a role played by the gut microbiota in epilepsy has been hypothesized and supported by new investigative approaches. To dissect the microbiota‐gut‐brain (MGB) axis involvement in epilepsy, in vitro modeling approaches arouse interest among researchers in the field. This review summarizes, first of all, the evidence of a role of the MGB axis in epilepsy by providing an overview of the recent clinical and preclinical studies and showing how dietary modification, microbiome supplementations, and hence, microbiota alterations may have an impact on seizures. Subsequently, the currently available strategies to study epilepsy on animal and in vitro models are described, focusing attention on these latter and the technological challenges for integration with already existing MGB axis models. Finally, the implementation of existing epilepsy in vitro systems is discussed, offering a complete overview of the available technological tools which may improve reliability and clinical translation of the results towards the development of innovative therapeutic approaches, taking advantage of complementary technologies.

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Altered composition of the gut microbiome in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy

Cited by 161 publications

References 22 publications

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Various pharmacological agents in the pipeline against intractable epilepsy

The microbiota‐gut‐brain axis and epilepsy from a multidisciplinary perspective: Clinical evidence and technological solutions for improvement of in vitro preclinical models

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