Altered Effective Connectivity of Children and Young Adults With Unilateral Amblyopia: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Dai, Peishan; Zhou, Xiaoyan; Ou, Yilin; Xiong, Tong; Zhang, Jinlong; Chen, Zailiang; Zou, Beiji; Wei, Xin; Wu, Ying; Xiao, Manyi

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.657576

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The study suggests that children with amblyopia exhibit damage to V1, and there is a correlation between the left middle frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, and BA17, hinting at a potential neural mechanism contributing to anisometropic amblyopia. In contrast to prior research [9‒12], our study observed an improved RSFC between the left posterior central gyrus of the anisometropic amblyopia group and BA17. This suggests that individuals can adapt to gather information from their surroundings through multiple sensory channels and senses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Rs-fMRI studies have shown that brain dysfunction in amblyopic children extends beyond the occipital visual cortex. Abnormal spontaneous activity has been observed in the angular gyrus [9] and cingulate gyrus [10] of amblyopic patients. Wang et al [11] reported that compensations for amblyopia that are reflected in enhanced spontaneous brain function have been reported in the early visual cortices in the resting state, as well as reduced functional connectivity in the dorsal pathway and structural connections in the ventral pathway in both anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Children with Anisometropia Amblyopia

Yu,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Ophthalmic Res

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Introduction: This study aimed to explore the functional connectivity of the primary visual cortex (V1) in children with anisometropic amblyopia by using the resting-state functional connectivity analysis method and determine whether anisometropic amblyopia is associated with changes in brain function. Methods: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were obtained from 16 children with anisometropia amblyopia (CAA group) and 12 healthy children (HC group) during the resting state. The Brodmann area 17 (BA17) was used as the region of interest, and the functional connection (FC) of V1 was analyzed in both groups. A two-sample t test was used to analyze the FC value between the two groups. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the mean FC value in the brain function change area of the CAA group and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of amblyopia. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were no significant differences in age and sex between the CAA and HC groups (p > 0.05). Compared to the HC group, the CAA group showed lower FC values in BA17 and the left medial frontal gyrus, as well as BA17 and the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus. Conversely, the CAA group showed higher FC values in BA17 and the left central posterior gyrus. Notably, BCVA in amblyopia did not correlate with the area of change in mean FC in the brain function of the CAA group. Conclusion: Resting-state fMRI-based functional connectivity analysis indicates a significant alteration in V1 of children with anisometropic amblyopia. These findings contribute additional insights into the neuropathological mechanisms underlying visual impairment in anisometropic amblyopia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Children with Anisometropia Amblyopia

Yu,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Ophthalmic Res

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“…After 8 wk of treatment in the present study, the fALFF values of the left posterior cingulate gyrus, left precuneus, left middle occipital gyrus, and left inferior occipital gyrus were significantly lower in the acupuncture group than in the control group. In contrast, the fALFF values of the right inferior frontal gyrus, right insula, and right hippocampus in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the control group[ 14 , 15 ]. These results suggest that the combined use of acupuncture at ghost points and fluoxetine has a greater effect on the regulation of neurological function compared to fluoxetine alone when used in patients with mild to moderate depression[ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine in treating depression: A randomized study

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Ablikim³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Depression affects more than 350 million people worldwide. In China, 4.2% (54 million people) of the total population suffers from depression. Psychotherapy has been shown to change cognition, improve personality, and enhance the ability to cope with difficulties and setbacks. While pharmacotherapy can reduce symptoms, it is also associated with adverse reactions and relapse after drug withdrawal. Therefore, there has been an increasing emphasis placed on the use of non-pharmacological therapies for depression. The hypothesis of this study was that acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine would be more effective than fluoxetine alone for the treatment of depression. AIM To investigate the efficacy of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine for the treatment of patients with depression. METHODS This randomized controlled trial included patients with mild to moderate depression ( n = 160). Patients received either acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine ( n = 80) or fluoxetine alone (control group, n = 80). Needles were retained in place for 30 min, 5 times a week; three treatment cycles were administered. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare functional magnet resonance imaging parameters, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) scores, and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores between the acupuncture group and control group. RESULTS There were no significant differences in HAMD or SDS scores between the acupuncture group and control group, before or after 4 wk of treatment. The acupuncture group exhibited significantly lower HAMD and SDS scores than the control group after 8 wk of treatment ( P < 0.05). The acupuncture group had significantly lower fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations values for the left anterior wedge leaf, left posterior cingulate gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, and left inferior occipital gyrus after 8 wk. The acupuncture group also had significantly higher values for the right inferior frontal gyrus, right insula, and right hippocampus ( P < 0.05). After 8 wk of treatment, the effective rates of the acupuncture and control groups were 51.25% and 36.25%, respectively ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The study results suggest that acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine is more effective than fluoxetine alone for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate depression.

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“…The morpho-functional impairment of the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex induced by amblyopia have been widely described [ 1 , 2 ] and recently supported by functional magnetic resonance imaging studies [ 3 ], however, the effects on retinal structures are still a debatable issue. Many studies, based on tomographic evaluation of macula and optic nerve in anisometropic/strabismic patients, reported substantially immature retinal architecture with increased retinal thickness and/or retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL), reduced pit depth and frequent absence of the bulge of the foveal ellipsoidal zone [ 4 – 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of early/late-onset visual deprivation on macular and retinal nerve fibers layer structure: A pilot study

et al. 2023

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Background/aims Tomographic analysis of macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fibers layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with history of congenital (CC) and developmental cataract (DC). Methods Analysis of macular and RNFL thickness using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was performed. Retinal layers thickness was measured using the internal segmentation software. Measurements of affected (unilateral and bilateral), contralateral eyes and control eyes were compared. Results Patients with history of CC or DC (n = 13 and 11 respectively) and 35 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Thicker inner and outer nuclear layers (INL, ONL) and thicker ONL were found when CC and DC group when compared to controls respectively. Bilateral CC showed the most relevant differences. Slight thickening of CC inner retinal layers were found when compared to DC. Increased superonasal RNFL thickness was found in CC group when compared to DC and controls. Thickening of RNFL of contralateral unaffected eyes of unilateral CC were found when compared to controls. Conclusion Significant macular and RNFL thickness changes between CC, DC patients and controls that partially involve also contralateral unaffected eyes of unilateral congenital cataract were found. CC and DC groups show significant differences only in inner retinal layers thickness. Our data suggest that early visual deprivation may influence retinal arrangements occurring during development involving predominantly the outer nuclear layer and para/perifoveal inner retinal layers, and confirm that early treatment of CC allow to achieve better long-term visual outcome. Moreover functional and structural data support the hypothesis that unilateral amblyopia is not exclusively an unilateral issue.

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Altered Effective Connectivity of Children and Young Adults With Unilateral Amblyopia: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Children with Anisometropia Amblyopia

Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Primary Visual Cortex in Children with Anisometropia Amblyopia

Efficacy of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine in treating depression: A randomized study

Long-term effects of early/late-onset visual deprivation on macular and retinal nerve fibers layer structure: A pilot study

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