Altered GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in audiogenic seizure-susceptible mice

Cordero, Mayra L.; Ortíz, José G.; Santiago, Glysette; Negrón, Arnaldo E.; Moreira, Jaime

doi:10.1007/bf02816124

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Inhibition of the enzyme probably results in decreased Glu synthesis. Our finding is in agreement with the finding of Cordero et al (24), who observed decreased GLDH activity in audiogenic seizure‐susceptible mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Eraković¹,

Župan²,

Varljen³

et al. 2001

Epilepsia

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Summary:Purpose: Electroconvulsive shock (ECS) induces generalized seizure activity and provides an excellent experimental model for studying the effects of global electrical stimulation on various biochemical parameters. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of a single or repeated ECSinduced seizures on rat brain metabolism.Methods: Experiments were carried out on female Hannover-Wistar rats divided into four groups: (a) the control group, which was intact; (b) the 1ECS group, which was killed 2 h after single ECS; (c) the 5ECS group with 24 h rest, which was killed 24 h after the fifth daily ECS; and (d) the 10ECS group with 48 h rest, which was given ECS every 48 h and killed 24 h after the tenth ECS. Activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), aspartate-aminotransferase (AST), alanine-aminotransferase (ALT), ␥-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in the frontal cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, and pons/medulla regions were determined.Results: Increased AST, ALP, LDH, and CK activities were detected in all examined regions of the 1ECS and 5ECS groups. ALT activity was increased in both these groups, except in the hippocampus of the 5ECS group, where increased GGT activity was detected. In the hippocampus of 1ECS group, GLDH activity was decreased. Increased hippocampal AST and cortical CK activities, together with increased LDH activities in the cortex, cerebellum, and pons/medulla, were found.Conclusions: ECS treatment induces region-specific changes in metabolic activity. Neither a 24-h nor a 48-h rest period between two ECSs was sufficient for complete brain recovery, although most of the observed increased enzyme activities present in 1ECS and 5ECS were not present in 10ECS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Eraković¹,

Župan²,

Varljen³

et al. 2001

Epilepsia

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“…Each column represents mean ± SEM; n = 5 for each group. *Յ0.05, significantly different from intact, control group (24),. who observed decreased GLDH activity in audiogenic seizure-susceptible mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Erakovićl

Župan

Varljen³

et al. 2001

Epilepsia

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Summary Purpose: Electroconvulsive shock (ECS) induces generalized seizure activity and provides an excellent experimental model for studying the effects of global electrical stimulation on various biochemical parameters. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of a single or repeated ECS‐induced seizures on rat brain metabolism. Methods: Experiments were carried out on female Hannover—Wistar rats divided into four groups: (a) the control group, which was intact; (b) the 1ECS group, which was killed 2 h after single ECS; (c) the 5ECS group with 24 h rest, which was killed 24 h after the fifth daily ECS; and (d) the 10ECS group with 48 h rest, which was given ECS every 48 h and killed 24 h after the tenth ECS. Activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), aspartate‐aminotransferase (AST), alanine‐aminotransferase (ALT), γ‐glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in the frontal cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, and pons/medulla regions were determined. Results: Increased AST, ALP, LDH, and CK activities were detected in all examined regions of the 1ECS and 5ECS groups. ALT activity was increased in both these groups, except in the hippocampus of the 5ECS group, where increased GGT activity was detected. In the hippocampus of 1ECS group, GLDH activity was decreased. Increased hippocampal AST and cortical CK activities, together with increased LDH activities in the cortex, cerebellum, and pons/medulla, were found. Conclusions: ECS treatment induces region‐specific changes in metabolic activity. Neither a 24‐h nor a 48‐h rest period between two ECSs was sufficient for complete brain recovery, although most of the observed increased enzyme activities present in 1ECS and 5ECS were not present in 10ECS.

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“…Cerebral imbalance of the major regulatory antagonistic systems, i.e., decreased GABAergic activity associated with increased excitatory aminoacidergic pathways, has been found to play a key role in initiating audiogenic seizures (Engstrom and Woodbury, 1988;Faingold et al, 1992Wieraszko and Seyfried, 1993;Cordero et al, 1994;Terra and Garcia-Cairasco, 1994). Mechanisms for audiogenic susceptibility also include reduction of C a 2ϩ ATPase activity (Palayoor and Seyfried, 1984;Palayoor et al, 1986;Seyfried et al, 1986), cyclic AM P responsiveness (L udvig et al, 1985), and histaminergic and adrenergic neuronal efficiencies (Jobe et al, 1986;T uomisto et al, 1987), as well as enhancement of glutamate decarboxylase mRNA expression (Ribak et al, 1993), and, as an adaptive mechanism for defective anion transport, of carbonic anhydrase activity (Woodbury et al, 1984;Engstrom et al, 1986;Faingold et al, 1986;Yu et al, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Deficiency-Dependent Audiogenic Seizures (MDDASs) in Adult Mice: A Nutritional Model for Discriminatory Screening of Anticonvulsant Drugs and Original Assessment of Neuroprotection Properties

Bac

Maurois²,

Dupont

et al. 1998

J. Neurosci.

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A great many animal models for audiogenic seizures have been described. The extent to which these models may provide insight into neuroscience fields such as abnormal locomotor behavior (wild running), seizures and anticonvulsants, and neuroinsults and neuroprotectors is examined here by our study of magnesium deficiency-dependent audiogenic seizures (MDDASs) in adult mice. MDDASs were induced in all of the eight tested adult murine strains and are presented as a sequence of four successive components (latency, wild running, convulsion, and recovery phase periods). Compared with several classic seizure tests, the nutritional MDDAS model responded to low doses of prototype antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital (PB), valproic acid (VPA), ethosuximide (ESM), and diazepam (DZP). Modulation by AEDs of the four components of MDDAS indicated that this seizure test was discriminatory, distinguishing between phenytoinergic (PHT, CBZ), GABAergic (PB, VPA, DZP), and ethosuximide (ESM) compounds. Suitability of the MDDAS test for evaluation of neuroprotective compounds was also examined: it showed partial (melatonin) and complete (WEB2170, an anti-PAF agent) reduction of recovery phase by non-anticonvulsant doses of test compounds. These neuroprotective responses were compared with neuroprotective potentials determined in a model of neonatal cerebral injury induced by focal injection of ibotenate (a glutamate analog). WEB2170 and melatonin reduced the size of lesions in white matter, but only WEB2170 protected cortical plate against ibotenate-induced lesions. In addition to the original neuroprotective behavior of WEB2170, studies on the neuroprotectors also supported GABAergic anticonvulsant activity of melatonin in the MDDAS test.

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Altered GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in audiogenic seizure-susceptible mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Altered Activities of Rat Brain Metabolic Enzymes in Electroconvulsive Shock—Induced Seizures

Magnesium Deficiency-Dependent Audiogenic Seizures (MDDASs) in Adult Mice: A Nutritional Model for Discriminatory Screening of Anticonvulsant Drugs and Original Assessment of Neuroprotection Properties

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