Altered Gut Microbiota and Endocannabinoid System Tone in Obese and Diabetic Leptin-Resistant Mice: Impact on Apelin Regulation in Adipose Tissue

Geurts, Lucie; Lazarević, Vladimir; Derrien, Muriel; Everard, Amandine; Roye, Marie Van; Knauf, Claude; Valet, Philippe; Girard, Myriam; Muccioli, Giulio G.; François, Patrice; Vos, Willem M. de; Schrenzel, Jacques; Delzenne, Nathalie M.; Cani, Patrice D.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00149

Cited by 285 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The observed appearance of B. uniformis was reported before, whereas oral administration of a B. uniformis strain counteracts HF feeding and was able to reduce body weight gain, liver steatosis and reduce dietary fat absorption (Gauffin Cano et al, 2012). However, the observation of decreased abundance of Proteobacteria after HFD application in C57N mice is contradictory to previous results (Hildebrandt et al, 2009;Geurts et al, 2011). The third highest abundant OTU in gut bacterial community of C57J mice was highly similar to H. hepaticus and to a lower degree similar to H. bilis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Distinct signatures of host–microbial meta-metabolome and gut microbiome in two C57BL/6 strains under high-fat diet

et al. 2014

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A combinatory approach using metabolomics and gut microbiome analysis techniques was performed to unravel the nature and specificity of metabolic profiles related to gut ecology in obesity. This study focused on gut and liver metabolomics of two different mouse strains, the C57BL/6J (C57J) and the C57BL/6N (C57N) fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 3 weeks, causing dietinduced obesity in C57N, but not in C57J mice. Furthermore, a 16S-ribosomal RNA comparative sequence analysis using 454 pyrosequencing detected significant differences between the microbiome of the two strains on phylum level for Firmicutes, Deferribacteres and Proteobacteria that propose an essential role of the microbiome in obesity susceptibility. Gut microbial and liver metabolomics were followed by a combinatory approach using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography time of tlight MS/MS with subsequent multivariate statistical analysis, revealing distinctive host and microbial metabolome patterns between the C57J and the C57N strain. Many taurine-conjugated bile acids (TBAs) were significantly elevated in the cecum and decreased in liver samples from the C57J phenotype likely displaying different energy utilization behavior by the bacterial community and the host. Furthermore, several metabolite groups could specifically be associated with the C57N phenotype involving fatty acids, eicosanoids and urobilinoids. The mass differences based metabolite network approach enabled to extend the range of known metabolites to important bile acids (BAs) and novel taurine conjugates specific for both strains. In summary, our study showed clear alterations of the metabolome in the gastrointestinal tract and liver within a HFD-induced obesity mouse model in relation to the host-microbial nutritional adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Distinct signatures of host–microbial meta-metabolome and gut microbiome in two C57BL/6 strains under high-fat diet

et al. 2014

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“…This may be due to their role in SCFA production (42). In addition, in obese and diabetic mice, the family Rikenellaceae is more abundant (43) and highly enriched in mice fed a high-fat diet (44), relating Rikenellaceae with the host's phenotype and diet. Again, the patterns observed in early pregnancy mirror those outside pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections Between the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Hormones in Early Pregnancy in Overweight and Obese Women

et al. 2016

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Overweight and obese women are at a higher risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. The gut microbiome could modulate metabolic health and may affect insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to reveal relationships between gut microbiome composition and circulating metabolic hormones in overweight and obese pregnant women at 16 weeks' gestation. Fecal microbiota profiles from overweight (n = 29) and obese (n = 41) pregnant women were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fasting metabolic hormone (insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, incretin, and adipokine) concentrations were measured using multiplex ELISA. Metabolic hormone levels as well as microbiome profiles differed between overweight and obese women. Furthermore, changes in some metabolic hormone levels were correlated with alterations in the relative abundance of specific microbes. Adipokine levels were strongly correlated with Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, which are dominant families in energy metabolism. Insulin was positively correlated with the genus Collinsella. Gastrointestinal polypeptide was positively correlated with the genus Coprococcus but negatively with family Ruminococcaceae. This study shows novel relationships between gut microbiome composition and the metabolic hormonal environment in overweight and obese pregnant women at 16 weeks' gestation. These results suggest that manipulation of the gut microbiome composition may influence pregnancy metabolism.The increasing prevalence of maternal obesity and its subsequent health outcomes are a significant public health concern and a major challenge for obstetrics practice. In early pregnancy, overweight and obese women are at an increased risk of metabolic complications that affect placental and embryonic development (1). Metabolic adjustments, such as a decline in insulin sensitivity and an increase in nutrient absorption, are necessary to support a healthy pregnancy (2,3); however, these metabolic changes occur on top of preexisting higher levels of insulin resistance in overweight and obese pregnant women, increasing the risk of overt hyperglycemia because of a lack of sufficient insulin secretion to compensate for the increased insulin resistance (3).The potential role of the gut microbiome (the composite of the bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract) in pregnancy has become the subject of considerable interest. In normal pregnancy, the maternal gut microbiota changes from first to third trimester with a decline in butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in Bifidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and lactic acid-producing bacteria. Inflammation and weight gain that occurs during pregnancy might be the result of microbe-driven processes to increase energy supply for the fetus (4). These alterations might also be linked with the maternal metabolic profile and thereby contribute to the development of pregnancy complications (5,6) as well as affect the metabolic and immunological health of the offspring (7). In summation, modifications in the metabolic hormone milieu du...

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“…Luminal contents from colon were analysed by Mouse Intestinal Tract Chip (MITChip), a diagnostic 16S rRNA array that consists of 3580 unique probes especially designed to profile murine gut microbiota as previously described and in analogy to the human intestinal tract Chip (Rajilić-Stojanović et al, 2009;Geurts et al, 2011). Statistical analysis was performed between all conventionalisation days using the Kruskal-Wallis test executed in SPSS Statistics 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) (for more details see supplementary methods).…”

Section: Microbial Profiling Of Colonic Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colonic microbiota composition of conventionalised mice was assessed for five time-points post-conventionalisation using the MITChip phylogenetic platform (Geurts et al, 2011). The colonic microbiota of conventionalised mice proceeded through two major stages discriminated by low diversity of the microbiota during early stages (days 1-2) and increasing microbial diversity at later stages (days 8 and 16) of conventionalisation, ultimately reaching levels similar to those observed in conventional animals (EL Aidy et al, 2012).…”

Section: Dynamic Establishment Of Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut bacteria–host metabolic interplay during conventionalisation of the mouse germfree colon

et al. 2012

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The interplay between dietary nutrients, gut microbiota and mammalian host tissues of the gastrointestinal tract is recognised as highly relevant for host health. Combined transcriptome, metabonome and microbial profiling tools were employed to analyse the dynamic responses of germfree mouse colonic mucosa to colonisation by normal mouse microbiota (conventionalisation) at different time-points during 16 days. The colonising microbiota showed a shift from early (days 1 and 2) to later colonisers (days 8 and 16). The dynamic changes in the microbial community were rapidly reflected by the urine metabolic profiles (day 1) and at later stages (day 4 onward) by the colon mucosa transcriptome and metabolic profiles. Correlations of host transcriptomes, metabolite patterns and microbiota composition revealed associations between Bacilli and Proteobacteria, and differential expression of host genes involved in energy and anabolic metabolism. Differential gene expression correlated with scyllo-and myo-inositol, glutamine, glycine and alanine levels in colonic tissues during the time span of conventionalisation. Our combined time-resolved analyses may help to expand the understanding of host-microbe molecular interactions during the microbial establishment.

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Altered Gut Microbiota and Endocannabinoid System Tone in Obese and Diabetic Leptin-Resistant Mice: Impact on Apelin Regulation in Adipose Tissue

Cited by 285 publications

References 67 publications

Distinct signatures of host–microbial meta-metabolome and gut microbiome in two C57BL/6 strains under high-fat diet

Distinct signatures of host–microbial meta-metabolome and gut microbiome in two C57BL/6 strains under high-fat diet

Connections Between the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Hormones in Early Pregnancy in Overweight and Obese Women

Gut bacteria–host metabolic interplay during conventionalisation of the mouse germfree colon

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