Altered spontaneous brain activity patterns in diabetic patients with vitreous hemorrhage using amplitude of low‑frequency fluctuation: A resting‑state fMRI study

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assess the local character of spontaneous brain activity in type-2 diabetic patients with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and its relationship with clinical features via the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (alFF) method. a total of 31 subjects (15 females and 16 males) with type-2 diabetic VH and 31 normal controls (ncs) with similar characteristics (sex, age and educational level) were recruited in the present study. all subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The local character of spontaneous brain activity was assessed using the alFF method. The difference between the type-2 diabetic patients with VH and ncs was determined using receiver operating characteristic curves. Pearson's correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between the mean ALFF values of specific brain areas and related clinical manifestations in type-2 diabetic patients with VH. The alFF values of type-2 diabetic patients with VH were significantly increased in the right and left cerebellum posterior lobes, left cerebellum posterior lobe/left lingual gyrus and bilateral superior frontal gyrus/left postcentral gyrus, compared with those obtained for ncs (P<0.05). By contrast, these values were significantly decreased in the left and right middle frontal gyri, right medial frontal gyrus/left anterior cingulate, right inferior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus/middle frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus of the former group compared with the ncs (P<0.05). nevertheless, there was no significant association between the mean ALFF values and clinical characteristics in different brain areas. unusual spontaneous activity occurred in multiple brain areas, which may suggest the neuropathological mechanisms of visual impairment in type-2 diabetic patients with VH.

Regional Spontaneous Neural Activity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Resting-State Functional MRI Studies

“…However, there were two outliers at the longest illness duration in the regression plot (Figure 3). When excluding the two datasets (Shi et al, 2020;Zhang Y. Q. et al, 2020), no significant association was found between the illness duration and regional activity in patients with T2DM. The mean age, percentage of males, education, onset age, HbA 1c %, BMI, and MMSE scores were not linearly associated with regional function alteration in patients with T2DM.…”

“…A total of 47 articles were identified through the systematic literature search, and Figure 1 shows the details of study selection process. We finally included 16 studies (19 T2DM datasets and 15 healthy controls datasets) in the final meta-analysis (Xia et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014Wang et al, , 2019Zhou et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2016;Peng et al, 2016;Wang Y. F. et al, 2017;Wang Z. L. et al, 2017;Liao et al, 2019;Liu Y. et al, 2020;Qi et al, 2020;Shi et al, 2020;Xiong et al, 2020;Zhang Y. Q. et al, 2020). In two studies of ReHo, the analysis was performed in two different T2DM subgroups (Peng et al, 2016;Xiong et al, 2020), and in another study, the analysis was performed with ALFF and ReHo (Cui et al, 2014).…”

“…In two studies of ReHo, the analysis was performed in two different T2DM subgroups (Peng et al, 2016;Xiong et al, 2020), and in another study, the analysis was performed with ALFF and ReHo (Cui et al, 2014). Besides, two studies used the same sample but analyzed two different measurements (Shi et al, 2020;Zhang Y. Q. et al, 2020). For these studies involving multiple independent patient subgroups or different measurements, the group coordinates were treated as separate datasets in the meta-analysis.…”

“…Therefore, using a permutation of subject images seed-based d mapping (PSI-SDM) as primary tool, the aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative, voxel-based meta-analysis of whole-brain rs-fMRI studies in T2DM to investigate the regional spontaneous neural activity abnormalities and explore the potential effects of the clinical and demographic characteristics on these functional alterations. Although both ALFF/fALFF and ReHo measured the local activity of each voxel, previous studies found that ALFF and ReHo revealed convergent local activity alterations in some brain regions and also divergent brain regions with abnormal activity (Cui et al, 2014;Shi et al, 2020;Zhang Y. Q. et al, 2020). Hence, both combined and separate meta-analyses on ALFF/fALFF and ReHo were performed in this study.…”

“…For example, increased regional activity has been found in the lingual gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and precuneus (Wang et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2014;Wang Z. L. et al, 2017;Liu Y. et al, 2020), whereas decreased activity in these regions has also been reported (Xia et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2014;Wang Y. F. et al, 2017), and yet more studies have identified no changes (Liu et al, 2016;Liao et al, 2019;. This inconsistency resulted in part from small samples and from studying patients with various comorbidities, such as microangiopathy, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy (Xia et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2014;Wang Z. L. et al, 2017;Liao et al, 2019;Qi et al, 2020); vitreous hemorrhage (Shi et al, 2020;Zhang Y. Q. et al, 2020); mild cognitive impairment (Zhou et al, 2014;Xiong et al, 2020); cirrhosis (Wang Y. F. et al, 2017); hypertension (Cui et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2014); and dyslipidemia (Wang et al, 2014), which were known to alter brain function (Weissenborn et al, 2004;Umegaki et al, 2012;Umemura et al, 2013;Friedman et al, 2014;Muela et al, 2017). Thus, the central question of how the brain regional function manifests remains unaddressed in T2DM.…”