Altered superoxide dismutase-1 activity and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Inflammation and oxidative stress are linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this work, we analyzed patients’ blood markers of antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress and inflammation in individuals with T2DM, in pre-diabetes state (pre-DM) and controls without diabetes. Patients were divided into three groups, according to glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): <7%, 7–9%, and >9%. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, total thiols, nitric oxide ( • NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) levels of the individuals were measured. Plasma SOD activity was higher in T2DM subjects compared to the controls. While total thiols levels were lower in T2DM groups when compared to pre-DM, the values remained unchanged when compared to controls. ICAM-1 levels of T2DM groups were lower than in controls, while GPx activity, • NO, and TNF-α levels were similar among all groups. A positive correlation was found between SOD and HbA1c levels. Concluding, individuals with T2DM present altered SOD activity, total thiols, and ICAM-1 levels, which might contribute to further complications. There is a positive correlation between SOD activity and HbA1c levels. No apparent correlation exists between total thiols and ICAM-1 levels and with any other of the parameters evaluated in this study.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

“…Oxidative stress is responsible for mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum structural changes, favoring the increase in cell death in animal models of DM [ 7 ]. A high plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) level is detected in DM, which is not accompanied by an increase in plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), leading to an increase in oxidative stress and consequent uncontrolled lipid peroxidation [ 9 ]. Thus, ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA), a stable end product of lipid peroxidation, are increased in DM, indicating failure of the antioxidant system [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], which can result in damage to the cells ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…DCM includes cell death, changes in energy metabolism and the extracellular matrix, inflammation, oxidative stress, neurohormonal activation and modification in ion transport [ 5 ]. DM [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] can induce cardiac changes due to remodeling and culminate in cardiac dysfunction, which is independent of other cardiac comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension and valvular heart disease [ 8 ].…”

Ameliorative effects of Anchomanes difformis aqueous extract against oxidative stress in the testes and epididymis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats

“…In other studies reported, reduction in antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress was associated with protein glycation ( Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak et al, 2019 , Ghelani et al, 2018 ). Protein glycation was reported to cause the inactivation of antioxidant enzymes due to the alteration of amino acids present in the active sites of these antioxidant enzymes ( Tavares et al, 2019 ). This phenomenon decreases the activity of CAT and SOD; it also contributes to the further elevation of oxidative stress ( Tavares et al, 2019 ).…”

Oral and Topical Centella asiatica in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Dry Skin: A Three‐Arm Prospective Randomized Double‐Blind Controlled Trial

“…In one correlation study comparing SOD activity in the HbA1c group (<7, 7–9, and >9), the SOD activity was higher in the DM patient compared to the normal. DM group with HbA1c < 7 had a higher significant SOD activity compared to the other groups [ 23 ]. Nonetheless, Doddigarla et al [ 24 ] reported a contrary result where the patient with T2DM presented with low SOD activity and there was a correlation between decreased SOD activity and increased glycemic index.…”