Altered visual character and object recognition in Japanese-speaking adolescents with developmental dyslexia

Higuchi, Hiroki; Iwaki, Sunao; Uno, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134841

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Dyslexics with speed reading disability have a greater deficit in global processing, while dyslexics with a deficit in reading accuracy have more difficulties in local processing [24]. In previous research of dyslexia, deficits in the processing of motion are related to a specific type of reading difficulty, underlying in each of them could be disturbed different neurocognitive mechanism [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia during Speed Discrimination

Taskov

Dushanova

2021

Symmetry

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A universal signature of developmental dyslexia is literacy acquisition impairments. Besides, dyslexia may be related to deficits in selective spatial attention, in the sensitivity to global visual motion, speed processing, oculomotor coordination, and integration of auditory and visual information. Whether motion-sensitive brain areas of children with dyslexia can recognize different speeds of expanded optic flow and segregate the slow-speed from high-speed contrast of motion was a main question of the study. A combined event-related EEG experiment with optic flow visual stimulation and functional frequency-based graph approach (small-world propensity ϕ) were applied to research the responsiveness of areas, which are sensitive to motion, and also distinguish slow/fast -motion conditions on three groups of children: controls, untrained (pre-D) and trained dyslexics (post-D) with visual intervention programs. Lower ϕ at θ, α, γ1-frequencies (low-speed contrast) for controls than other groups represent that the networks rewire, expressed at β frequencies (both speed contrasts) in the post-D, whose network was most segregated. Functional connectivity nodes have not existed in pre-D at dorsal medial temporal area MT+/V5 (middle, superior temporal gyri), left-hemispheric middle occipital gyrus/visual V2, ventral occipitotemporal (fusiform gyrus/visual V4), ventral intraparietal (supramarginal, angular gyri), derived from θ-frequency network for both conditions. After visual training, compensatory mechanisms appeared to implicate/regain these brain areas in the left hemisphere through plasticity across extended brain networks. Specifically, for high-speed contrast, the nodes were observed in pre-D (θ-frequency) and post-D (β2-frequency) relative to controls in hyperactivity of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which might account for the attentional network and oculomotor control impairments in developmental dyslexia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia during Speed Discrimination

Taskov

Dushanova

2021

Symmetry

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“…Importantly, because kanji highlights reading and/or writing disabilities in Japanese, knowledge regarding visual kanji recognition contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying fluent reading ability. Kanji characters have multiple pronunciations and are visually complex, whereas kana characters have one-to-one correspondence to sound and are visually simple ( Uno et al, 2008 ; Higuchi et al, 2020 ). For these reasons, we focused on the automatic processing of visual kanji compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of deviance in Japanese kanji compound words

Egashira

Kaga

Gunji

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Reading fluency is based on the automatic visual recognition of words. As a manifestation of the automatic processing of words, an automatic deviance detection of visual word stimuli can be observed in the early stages of visual recognition. To clarify whether this phenomenon occurs with Japanese kanji compounds—since their lexicality is related to semantic association—we investigated the brain response by utilizing three types of deviants: differences in font type, lexically correct or incorrect Japanese kanji compound words and pseudo-kanji characters modified from correct and incorrect compounds. We employed magnetoencephalography (MEG) to evaluate the spatiotemporal profiles of the related brain regions. The study included 22 adult native Japanese speakers (16 females). The abovementioned three kinds of stimuli containing 20% deviants were presented during the MEG measurement. Activity in the occipital pole region of the brain was observed upon the detection of font-type deviance within 250 ms of stimulus onset. Although no significant activity upon detecting lexically correct/incorrect kanji compounds or pseudo-kanji character deviations was observed, the activity in the posterior transverse region of the collateral sulcus (pCoS)—which is a fusiform neighboring area—was larger when detecting lexically correct kanji compounds than when detecting pseudo-kanji characters. Taken together, these results support the notion that the automatic detection of deviance in kanji compounds may be limited to a low-level feature, such as the stimulus stroke thickness.

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“…Researchers have developed Japanese smart teaching systems that integrate WEB and APP, allowing students to select online lessons, learn vocabulary and grammar, practice speaking, learn Japanese culture, view Japanese news, etc., on various portable devices. Some researchers have conducted research on Japanese text recognition to detect handwritten Japanese, improving students' handwritten Japanese skills, and enhancing the handwritten Japanese experience in Japanese classes [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Japanese Language Teaching Aid System with Multi-Source Information Fusion Mapping

Zhang

2022

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Learning Japanese can enhance competitiveness in a globalized economy, and we address the problems of poor open-source Japanese language teaching, cumbersome teaching tasks, and a single teaching model. We propose a hybrid Japanese teaching aid system with multiple information fusion mapping, which can effectively improve the efficiency of Japanese teaching and reduce the tedious human teaching procedures. The system is divided into two branches of Japanese language recognition, namely, the Japanese text recognition branch and the Japanese voice sequence recognition branch. In the Japanese text recognition branch, we integrate attention mechanisms and long short-term memory networks as the basic network for Japanese character text recognition. In addition, we set up separate text feature recognition systems for Japanese computer writing and handwriting to prevent feature overlap problems. For Japanese voice sequence recognition, we used a combination of memory gating unit and encoder, based on the network still extending the structure of the deep neural network and using the residual structure connection in the gating unit to avoid the gradient disappearance problem. At the end of the system, we use a softmax layer to connect the text recognition and voice recognition networks to form a Japanese language teaching aid system. To verify the efficiency of our system, we selected the Japanese text recognition public dataset and voice recognition public dataset for experimental validation. To match the practical application of the system, we created our dataset based on the dataset standard and conducted experimental validation. To compare other Japanese recognition methods, we selected the six most representative Japanese recognition algorithms for experimental comparison. To ensure the balance of the experiments, each algorithm is trained in a separate experimental environment for modeling and tuning parameters. Experimental performance and the experimental results show that our method significantly outperforms the other methods and has better system stability.

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Altered visual character and object recognition in Japanese-speaking adolescents with developmental dyslexia

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia during Speed Discrimination

Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia during Speed Discrimination

Detection of deviance in Japanese kanji compound words

Hybrid Japanese Language Teaching Aid System with Multi-Source Information Fusion Mapping

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