Altering fiber density of cockscomb-like fibrous silica–titania catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of ibuprofen

Visible‐light driven photodegradation of phenol over niobium oxide‐loaded fibrous silica titania composite catalyst

“…31,32 Such a type of isotherm pattern was also reported by previous studies for various mesoporous silica-based materials. 19,33,34 The up-steps at relative pressures of P/P o = 0.3-0.4 and P/P o = 0.9-1.0 showed N 2 capillary condensed in the intra-and interparticle mesopores, respectively. 35,36 The BET surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the catalysts are listed in Table S1.…”

“…17,18 Fauzi et al studied the effect of fiber density of TiO 2 incorporated fibrous silica (FST) on the elimination of paracetamol under UV and visible light irradiation. 19 The FST showed excellent performance compared to pure TiO 2 due to TiO 2 -SiO 2 dendrimeric fibers providing better access to active sites, and causing higher crystallinity, surface area, and extended visible light absorbance.…”

“…As previously synthesized in the report, fibrous silica titania (FST) was fabricated using microemulsion technique applying titania as seed. 18,19 In a typical preparation, CTAB (10 g) was mixed with water (200 mL) and urea (3 g), followed by the addition of butanol (12 mL) and toluene (10 mL) as solvents. The mixture was stirred vigorously to achieve a homogenous mixture.…”

“…00-004-0477). 19 The sharp diffraction peaks implie the high crystallinity of FST catalyst. In addition, Nb/FST microsphere series consist of both hexagonal (h-Nb 2 O 5 ) and monoclinic (m-Nb 2 O 5 ) phases Nb 2 O 5 at 2⊔ = 23.8°(0 0 1) and 24.8°(4 4 0), 32.3°(4 3 1), 47.6°(0 0 2) and 54.3° 8 1 7, respectively, suggesting that Nb 2 O 5 had been incorporated on to FST microspheres.…”

“…A few similar major absorption bands were identified for all catalysts: 1084 (Si-O-Si asymmetric), 964 (external Si-OH group), 530 (Si-O-Si asymmetric stretching), and 465 cm −1 (Si-O-Si bending vibration), all of which can be seen in the figures. 19,38 In order to further evaluate the rearrangement of the SiO 2 network, the region of Gaussian curve-fitting at 1000-900 cm −1 was determined ( Fig. S2) and the intensity of the peaks are illustrated in Fig.…”