Alternancy Study on Rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L.) Tree in Mexico

Abstract

Rambutan growing in the state of Chiapas has brought about a demand for new plantations; however, this species has several biotic and abiotic factors that limit its production. These factors include phytosanitary problems, deficient agronomical handling, and production alternancy. Because of this, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the application of agronomical practices such as pruning, ringing, water stress, and their interaction on the rambutan alternancy. The experiment was carried out in the "La Chinita" commercial orchard located on KM. 4.5 the Huehuetan Station, municipality of Huehuetan, Chiapas, Mexico. We used 48 rambutan trees in production with an age of 14 years. Two production cycles were evaluated. The experiment was established under a divided plot experimental design in random complete blocks with a factorial arrangement and six replicates; each tree being a replicate. The study factors were: water stress, pruning, girdling, irrigation (control), and their combinations, resulting in eight treatments. The evaluation was done during flowering, fruit set, and harvest. In flowering, the treatments with permanent irrigation in both evaluated cycles (2010-2011 and 2011-2012) manifested a production alternancy behavior, with an average 36.4% flowering in the first evaluation cycle and increased to 82.1% in the second cycle. The treatments with water stress kept a proportional flowering during the first and second cycles of 97.9% and 95.3%, respectively. The water stress influenced the bunch weight (PR) variable fruit set with bigger fruits and higher bunch weight than the irrigated treatments. In production, pruning and girdling together with water deficit had no alternancy in both production cycles.

Technological Development in the Use of <em>Allium sativum</em> Aqueous Extracts in the Agricultural Field

“…Nonetheless, in mango crop this effect was rapid, unlike in the rambutan crop, where the generation of vegetative shoots was first stimulated before differentiation into floral shoots. The breaking of the abiotic stress in both crops was stimulated by the water factor which synchronized the vegetative and floral induction [28] and the biotic stress was influenced by the components of the plant extract, which were in sufficient quantities to reach and act as regulators of the metabolism and plant physiology of each tree after coming into contact with their tissue [29][30][31]. This differs from the nutritional imbalance induced by the agrochemicals used by producers at the foliar level, since they generated accumulation of nitrates in the leaves [28].…”

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum l.) Fruit peel extract in rats

“…Rambutan is included in the Sapindaceae family and is a seasonal plant that will bear fruit from December to March [3]. Rambutan is a plant native to Indonesia that has a variety of potential pharmacological activities.Rambutan has been widely planted in several regions in the world, such as India, Thailand, Indonesia, Costa Rica, Equador, Australia, Guatemala and Mexico [4].…”

Anatomía y morfología de órganos reproductivos de Nephelium lappaceum L.

“…una fruta atractiva que se consume en fresco, con un alto valor en el mercado de países de Europa y América del Norte (Joo et al, 2017).…”

“…Según Kothagoda y Rao (2012), el fruto de N. lappaceum puede ser drupa o baya; el pericarpio tiene de 2 a 4 mm de grosor y está recubierta con 200 a 300 estructuras suaves, puntiagudas y alargadas conocidas anatómicamente como espiternos o tricomas (de 10 a 12 mm de longitud según el cultivar); es rojo, amarillo o anaranjado (Caballero et al, 2011). El arilo (crecimiento especializado del funículo de la semilla) constituye la porción comestible más importante, es fácilmente removido de la semilla y tiene una apariencia traslúcida con sabor agridulce (Joo et al, 2017;Arévalo et al, 2018). El fruto después de la cosecha cambia su aspecto, pues va perdiendo humedad y oscureciéndose rápidamente (Reyes et al, 2020).…”