Alternaria arborescens and A. italica Causing Leaf Blotch on Celtis julianae in China

Liao, Yang-Chun-Zi; Cao, Yi-Jia; Wan, Yu; Li, Hui; Li, De-Wei; Zhu, Li-Hua

doi:10.3390/plants12173113

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The leaves were rinsed with distilled water and dried. Tissue pieces (4 × 4 mm) were cut at the juncture of diseased and healthy areas, surface disinfected with 75% ethanol solution for 30 s, 5% sodium hypochlorite for 3 min, followed by aseptic water rinsing for 3 times, then dried with sterilized filter paper, inoculated to PDA medium for 5 d of dark cultivation at 25 • C [38], and transferring colony edge hyphae onto a fresh PDA medium to isolate pure cultures [39]. Colonies were grouped according to colony morphology, and all isolates were observed microscopically to select representative isolates.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Fungal Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Biological Characteristics of Anthracnose Pathogens of Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in China

Feng,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Forests

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Vaccinium corymbosum L., commonly known as blueberry, is a valuable small fruit tree in terms of its economic significance and is primarily found in China within the regions of Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces. Additionally, it thrives in the areas spanning the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Beyond their economic value, blueberries play a crucial role within forest ecosystems, serving as a significant energy source and source of nutrients. Their presence contributes significantly to fostering stability, enhancing biodiversity, and acting as an indicator of environmental quality within forest ecosystems. Since August 2022, an unknown leaf disease has been found on a large scale in blueberry fields in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. The disease causes leaf curling, wilting, and even early defoliation, severely reducing the yield and production value of blueberries. The pathogenicity test confirmed the virulence of the isolates (NG5-1, NG5-2, NG5-3, NG5-4, N2-1, and N2-2) against V. corymbosum. The two pathogens were identified as Colletotrichum fructicola and C. aenigma by observing the morphological characteristics of the isolates and combined with multilocus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, CAL, ACT, TUB2, ApMat, and GAPDH). Blueberry anthracnose, caused by C. aenigma, is the first report of this disease in China. The biological characteristics of C. aenigma were investigated under different conditions, including temperature, pH, light conditions, culture medium, and carbon and nitrogen sources. The optimal temperature for growth was determined to be within the range of 25–30 °C; C. aenigma exhibits optimal growth at a pH of 7–8. Mycelial growth is favored under conditions of partial light, whereas complete darkness promotes spore production. It was found that PDA medium was the most favorable medium for C. aenigma mycelial growth, and MM medium was the best medium for spore production; the most suitable carbon sources for colony growth and spore production were sorbitol and glucose, respectively, and the most suitable nitrogen source was peptone. This study furnishes a theoretical foundation for a more scientifically informed approach to the prevention and control of anthracnose on V. corymbosum.

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Section: Sample Collection and Fungal Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Biological Characteristics of Anthracnose Pathogens of Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in China

Feng,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…In August 2023, leaf blotch on Celtis julianae caused by A. arborescens and A. italica was discovered in Nanjing [6]. Alternaria is a widely distributed group of fungi in the natural environment and is also economically important as a dematiaceous fungus [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria alternata and Alternaria koreana, the Causal Agents of Leaf Spot in Celtis sinensis and Their Sensitivity to Fungicides

Wang,

Zhang,

Wan

et al. 2023

Forests

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Celtis sinensis is a highly versatile species that is commonly cultivated in the southern regions of China. In June 2022, leaf spot disease was detected in C. sinensis in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Based on morphological characteristics, three isolates were determined to be of the Alternaria species. A phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, GAPDH, TEF1-α, RPB2, and Alt a 1 sequences identified the three isolates we obtained as Alternaria alternata and A. koreana. We determined the pathogenicity of A. alternata and A. koreana in C. sinensis leaves using inoculation through in vivo experiments. Symptoms of inoculation onset in indoor pots were in accordance with those observed in the open country. A. alternata and A. koreana can grow at 15–35 °C, with the best growth occurring at 25 °C. The findings from fungicide susceptibility experiments demonstrated that A. alternata and A. koreana were the most sensitive to prochloraz, which could offer an effective approach for future prevention and control measures against A. alternata and A. koreana. This study provides the initial step toward further research on A. alternata and A. koreana as pathogens of C. sinensis and provides the stage for future control strategy development.

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Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Two Alternaria Species From Nelumbo nucifera in China

Guo,

Liu,

Aung

et al. 2024

Journal of Phytopathology

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Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is one of China's 10 most renowned commercially grown ornamental flowers. However, lotus is susceptible to various fungal infections, which can affect its rich nutritional composition and ornamental value. In 2023, 12 fungal cultures were isolated from lotus leaves in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Based on the phylogenetic analyses using seven gene primers (ITS, GAPDH, TEF1, Alt a 1, RPB2, EndoPG and OPA10‐2) and the phenotypic data, two species (five strains) in the section Alternaria were identified as A. melongenicola L. Zhao & J.X. Deng and A. nelumbiicola T.Y. Zhang. To the data, most of the Alternaria species found, including A. nelumbiicola, have been identified on the basis of host and morphological characteristics and no molecular data were available so far that support these earlier identifications. This study is the first worldwide report of A. melongenicola from lotus. It also provides the gene sequence information of A. nelumbiicola in GenBank, clarifies its phylogenetic position and distinguishes it from the previous classified morphospecies A. caudata which is phylogenetically considered as a synonym of A. alternata. In addition, pathogenicity test confirmed that these two Alternaria species are the causative agents of leaf spot of lotus.

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Alternaria arborescens and A. italica Causing Leaf Blotch on Celtis julianae in China

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Identifying the Biological Characteristics of Anthracnose Pathogens of Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in China

Identifying the Biological Characteristics of Anthracnose Pathogens of Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in China

Alternaria alternata and Alternaria koreana, the Causal Agents of Leaf Spot in Celtis sinensis and Their Sensitivity to Fungicides

Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Two Alternaria Species From Nelumbo nucifera in China

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