Alternate hot and cold electrodes

Huang, Zongxiong; Yang, Sen; Yao, Fen-Zeng; Xu, Kai-Xuan; Zhang, Jifang; Wu, Shao-Hua; Sun, Jian‐Jun

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2015.10.016

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Simulations of the temperature distribution of water around the copper substrate surface were carried out using Fluent software2627. A horizontal cross-section with dimensions 6000 μm (horizontal) × 6000 μm (vertical) was simulated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of thermocouple microelectrode in the scanning electrochemical microscope at variable temperatures: simultaneous temperature and electrochemical imaging and its kinetic studies

Zhang

Lai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We describe herein a method for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and electrochemical signal with a new type of thermocouple microelectrode. The thermocouple microelectrode can be used not only as a thermometer but also as a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) tip in the reaction between tip-generated bromine and a heated Cu sample. The influence of temperature on the SECM imaging process and the related kinetic parameters have been studied, such as kinetic constant and activation energy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of thermocouple microelectrode in the scanning electrochemical microscope at variable temperatures: simultaneous temperature and electrochemical imaging and its kinetic studies

Zhang

Lai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…25m) was purchased from AOQ Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. Copper foil tape (thickness ca. 50m) was purchased from Hengte Adhesive products Co., Ltd. Digital multimeter, direct current power, TECs, epoxy resin and electrochemical analyzer were the same with the literature [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrode that can be heated and chilled is called alternate hot and cold electrode [16]. The surface temperature of both electrodes [1516] can be cooled down to −13 °C in aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model for understanding the temperature change of an alternate hot and cold micro-band graphite electrode

Yang

Huang

Hou

et al. 2016

Electrochemistry Communications

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A model is established for understanding the temperature change of an alternate hot and cold micro-band graphite electrode. It consists of two symmetrically placed thermoelectric coolers with an embedded graphite sheet as interlayer. By measuring the open circuit behaviors of a standard redox couple, the electrode surface temperature can be detected. And the electrode surface temperature can be regulated from 40 °C to −10 °C in aqueous solution without freezing. The model is described as Qh =  h ΔT, Qc =  c ΔT, where the temperature change (T) of electrode surface is assumed to be proportional to power of heating (Q h) or cooling (Q c). In addition, the diffusion activation energy of ferricyanide ion is firstly achieved by extending the temperature range from above zero degree down to the supercooled temperature (−10 °C) with this specially designed electrode. Diffusion coefficient of ferricyanide ion is ca. 0.22×10 −5 cm 2 s −1 at −10 °C, and activation energy is 23.2 kJ mol −1. The experimental data are consistent with data obtained by Stokes-Einstein equation for the determination of diffusion coefficient and activation energy.

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“…The new methods have been applied by heating an electrode surface or a solution region near the electrode. The electrode material can be heated by either, e.g., microwave, laser illumination, , inductive heating, or electrically. − Excellent advantages can be achieved, such as accelerating the redox reaction rates, affecting the kinetic parameters and thermodynamics, and so on. − …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T s is significant for the interpretation of electrochemical signals acquired with electrical electrodes. Some methods are used to calibrate the surface temperature of electrodes, such as open-circuit potentiometry (OCP) with a potential–temperature coefficient, ,,− resistive thermometry (RT), , and direct determination using a microthermocouple with a relatively low accuracy (approximately ±1.5 °C) compared with Pt100 (approximately ±0.15 °C) as the working electrode. ,, …”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature-Controllable Electrodes with a One-Parameter Calibration

Yang

Chen

et al. 2019

ACS Sens.

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Electrically heated electrodes have been applied for various chemical and biological sensors. However, previous electrically heated electrodes, including microwires and microdiscs, are usually small and often suffer from the requirement of frequent calibrations of the electrode surface temperature (T s ) at different environment temperatures. Here, we fabricate a temperature-controllable disk electrode (TCDE) with a conventional size (3−5 mm in diameter). A one-parameter temperature calibration is proposed using a temperature transfer coefficient α and a structural model (T s = T e + α (T h − T e )) to estimate T s (T h and T e are the temperature of the heating element and environment, respectively). The value of α is unique for a TCDE and mainly dependent on the structure and materials of the electrodes and the solution in nature. Once α is experimentally determined, T s can be calibrated and found to be applicable to wide fluctuations in room temperature (15.0−33.0 °C) with errors below 1.5% for three types of disk electrodes (gold, glassy carbon, and platinum). The required T s can be obtained by just setting T h without thermal characterization between the heating power and T s . A simple relationship for exploring the dependence of α on the height (H) and radius (R) of the electrode materials and other constants (a, b, c, and R 0 ), α = 1 − c − aH − b (R − R 0 ) 2 , is revealed by numerical simulations (COMSOL). The impact of the radii of both the insulating materials of the electrode and the electrochemical cells on T s is also considered. The effect of the solution thermal conductivity on α is studied. TCDEs are expected to be used as a sensor platform with enhanced performance.

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Alternate hot and cold electrodes

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Integration of thermocouple microelectrode in the scanning electrochemical microscope at variable temperatures: simultaneous temperature and electrochemical imaging and its kinetic studies

Integration of thermocouple microelectrode in the scanning electrochemical microscope at variable temperatures: simultaneous temperature and electrochemical imaging and its kinetic studies

A model for understanding the temperature change of an alternate hot and cold micro-band graphite electrode

Temperature-Controllable Electrodes with a One-Parameter Calibration

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