Alternating Current Photovoltaic Effect

Zou, Haiyang; Dai, Guozhang; Wang, Aurelia Chi; Li, Xiaogan; Zhang, Steven L.; Ding, Wenbo; Zhang, Lei; Zhang, Ying; Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1002/adma.201907249

Cited by 65 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The definition of heterojunction should be initially derived from the concept of “p–n” junction formed between the p‐type and n‐type semiconductors, whose features comprise relatively large built‐in electric fields in the space charge layers and extremely small interfacial resistances to drive the opposite transfer directions of electrons and holes. [ 78 ] The fabrication of a heterojunction with intimate interface generally includes two different n‐type semiconductors or two p‐type semiconductors (n–n or p–p heterojunctions) at present. The I – V characteristics and the logarithmic plot of current versus bias are employed to study the effect of the junction; [ 79 ] however, heterojunction formation is difficult to fabricate.…”

Section: Interface Structural Modulation Of Nanophotocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Dong

Cui

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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(Oxy)nitride‐based nanophotocatalysts have been extensively investigated for solar‐to‐chemical conversion, and not only allow wide spectral utilization to achieve high theoretical energy conversion efficiency but also exhibit suitable conduction and valence band positions for robust reduction and oxidation of water. During the past decades, a few reviews on the research progress in designing and synthesizing new visible‐light‐responsive semiconductors for various applications in solar‐to‐chemical conversion have been published. However, those on the effects of their bulk and composite (surface/interface) nanostructures on basic processes as well as solar water splitting performances to produce hydrogen are still limited. In this review, a brief introduction on the relationship between the nanostructure photocatalytic properties is included. Three main processes of solar water splitting are involved, allowing the elucidation of the correlation with the nanostructural properties of the photocatalyst such as surface/interface, size, morphology, and bulk structure. Subsequently, the development of methodologies and strategies for modulating the bulk and composite structures to improve the efficiencies of the basic processes, particularly charge separation, is summarized in detail. Finally, the prospects of (oxy)nitride‐based photocatalysts such as controlled synthesis, modulation of 1D/2D morphology, exposed facet regulation, heterostructure formation, theoretical simulation, and time‐ and space‐resolved spectroscopy are discussed.

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Section: Interface Structural Modulation Of Nanophotocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Dong

Cui

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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“…Indeed, rapid splitting and realignment of quasi‐Fermi levels with a sudden change in the light illuminating conditions is the key source behind these peaks, which in turn oscillates electrons (current) back and forth in the external circuit to maintain the potential difference between two electrodes. [ 20 ] More interestingly, the magnitude of the I ac (≈2.8 µA) peak was significantly higher than that of the I dc (≈2.1 µA) peak under similar illumination conditions. Further, the magnitudes of I ac and I dc change with light intensity, which again confirms that photocurrent at λ = 1620 nm is due to photo‐absorption‐induced e–h pair generation and their separation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The observed I dc is owing to typical photovoltaic effect; however, noticed spikes, especially for centrosymmetric materials, like Si, are new and revealed recently only. [15,20] In fact, these spikes appear because of a new kind of influence, named the alternating current photovoltaic effect, which becomes effective with periodic light illumination at the junction/interface of materials. Indeed, rapid splitting and realignment of quasi-Fermi levels with a sudden change in the light illuminating conditions is the key source behind these peaks, which in turn oscillates electrons (current) back and forth in the external circuit to maintain the potential difference between two electrodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable, Self‐Powered, and High‐Performance Short‐Wavelength Infrared Photodetector Driven by Coupled Flexoelectricity and Strain Effect

et al. 2021

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This induced internal polarization field, in response, could redistribute the concentration of free carriers within semiconductors and at its contact interface, thereby changes the overall charge transport behavior, indeed analogous to the piezoelectric effect. [1,5] Importantly, strain gradient is the key to the flexoelectric effect; however, applied strain, in principle, will also modulate the electronic structure, which in turn could introduce conceptually innovative and till "forbidden" functionalities. [1,4,6] For instance, applied strain-induced broken crystal symmetry modify the effective masses of charge carriers, which leads to generating a pronounced shift in the effective bandgap of semiconductors, like silicon, TiO 2 , and others. [7][8][9] In fact, theoretically, it has been predicted that the fundamental bandgap of the silicon could be shrunk considerably (up to 1800 nm, e.g., short-wavelength infrared) with strain engineering. [9] As a basic building block, silicon is widely used in the microelectronics industry; however, owing to its fundamental optical bandgap (1.12 eV), the use of silicon for optoelectronics (including photovoltaics) is still limited to visible and near-infrared spectral range (λ ≤ 1100 nm). Indeed, the key challenge is to enlarge the broadband photoabsorption (up to short-wavelength infrared) of silicon, such that it can be applied for commercial application: however, this yet remained a critical challenge.Recently, distinct from the p-n junction-based photovoltaic effect (PV), the flexoelectric effect driven zero-bias photocurrent under light illumination has been demonstrated, known as the flexo-photovoltaic (FPV) effect. [6] Therefore, being universal property, strain gradient induced FPV effect and simultaneously modification of the effective bandgap exceeds the fundamental bandgap absorption limit not only for silicon but other class of semiconductors as well. However, the flexoelectric-driven photo response is still reported to the fundamental bandgap modification. Herein, we demonstrate that a photon sensing of the single crystal silicon is extended far beyond the fundamental bandgap by utilizing the flexoelectric effect. Particularly, the localized force applied by a pointed tip induces long-range distributed inhomogeneous strain, which not only breaks the centrosymmetry but also extend the fundamental Mechanical deformation-induced strain gradients and coupled spontaneous electric polarization field in centrosymmetric materials, known as the flexoelectric effect, can generate ubiquitous mechanoelectrical functionalities, like the flexo-photovoltaic effect. Concurrently, nano/micrometer-scale inhomogeneous strain reengineers the electronic arrangements and in turn, could alter the fundamental limits of optoelectronic performance. Here, the flexoelectric effect-driven self-powered giant shortwavelength infrared (λ ≤ 1800 nm) photoresponse from centrosymmetric bulk silicon, indeed far beyond the fundamental bandgap (λ = 1100 nm) is demonstrated. Particularly, large on/off...

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“…A photovoltaic array is made up of combined series/parallel modules, which are composed of usually series PV cells. A photovoltaic cell is a PN junction semiconductor that absorbs light and converts it into electrical energy in the form of DC with a photovoltaic effect (Premkumar et al, 2020;Zou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Photovoltaic Array Model and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

PI-like fuzzy based synchronous SEPIC converter control for PV-fed small scale irrigation DC pump

et al. 2021

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For off-grid, standalone solar-fed water pumping has become a very viable option for small householder farmers. Appropriate configuration and control to suit this specific application are required. Buck, boost, and buck-boost converters are used to ensure impedance adaption between the solar PV generation and the load. However, these converters have switching harmonic problems. This problem is solved by the use of a single-ended primary inductor converter. Thus, a single-ended primary inductor converter is designed to overcome these drawbacks. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to design a single-ended primary inductive converter with a PI-like fuzzy controller. In this paper, synchronous SEPIC converter with PI-like fuzzy controller for PV-fed pumping system is modeled and designed. The system performance at different input conditions is evaluated. PI and PI-like fuzzy controllers have been compared using MATLAB/SIMULINK. PI-type fuzzy controller is less sensitive to input parameters variation than PI due to auto-tuning capability. Less than 2% output variation is recorded between 200 and 1000 W/m 2 irradiance. This show that output voltage is less sensitive to the input solar radiation with this SEPIC converter control. The steady-state result obtained in speed and flow rate were 141.4 rpm and 1.56 l/s, respectively, and the voltage error was 1.4 V. Thus, PI-like fuzzy controller was used to reduce the steady-state error. The results obtained with

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Alternating Current Photovoltaic Effect

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Controllable, Self‐Powered, and High‐Performance Short‐Wavelength Infrared Photodetector Driven by Coupled Flexoelectricity and Strain Effect

PI-like fuzzy based synchronous SEPIC converter control for PV-fed small scale irrigation DC pump

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