Alternating Current Thin Film and Powder Electroluminescence

Multifunctional Displays and Sensing Platforms for the Future: A Review on Flexible Alternating Current Electroluminescence Devices

“…The bipolar fieldemission processes are shown in Figure 2c. 59,60 As observed experimentally, the EL lines in phosphor particles start with a bright thick head and extend into the bulk, and two lines form two comets fleeing each other as a unit. 61 A diagram of the EL lines inside the phosphor is shown in Figure 2d.…”

“…(c) Light emitting mechanism of flexible ACEL devices. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2017 John Wiley and Sons.…”

“…In addition, zinc sulfide phosphors are affected by environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity), driving conditions (such as frequency and luminescence levels), and the internal factor (the diffusion of copper in ZnS lattice) . In particular, zinc sulfide will react with water under the following chemical reaction: Therefore, phosphors need to be kept in a low humidity environment, and some commercial phosphors are packaged in waterproof materials to improve the durability of phosphors. The luminance decay of ACEL devices with time can be expressed by eq : where B 0 is initial luminance and α is a constant that increases at higher frequencies.…”

“…77,78 In addition, zinc sulfide phosphors are affected by environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity), driving conditions (such as frequency and luminescence levels), and the internal factor (the diffusion of copper in ZnS lattice). 60 In particular, zinc sulfide will react with water under the following chemical reaction: 60…”