Alternating regimes of motion in cell motility models

Abstract

7Cellular movement is a complex dynamic process, resulting from the interaction of multiple ele-8 ments at the intra and extra-cellular levels. This epiphenomenon presents a variety of behaviors, 9 which can include normal and anomalous diffusion or collective migration. In some cases cells can get 10 neighborhood information through chemical or mechanical cues. A unified understanding about how 11 such information can influence the dynamics of cell movement is still lacking. In order to improve 12 our comprehension of cell migration we consider a cellular Potts model where cells move actively in 13 the direction of a driving field. The intensity of this driving field is constant, while its orientation can 14 evolves according to two alternative dynamics based on the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. In the first 15 case, the next orientation of the driving field depends on the previous direction of the field. In the 16 second case, the direction update considers the mean orientation performed by the cell in previous 17 steps. Thus, the latter update rule mimics the ability of cells to perceive the environment, avoiding 18 obstacles and thus increasing the cellular displacement. Our results indicate that both dynamics 19 introduce temporal and spatial correlations in cell velocity in a friction coefficient and cell density 20 dependent manner. Furthermore, we observe alternating regimes in the mean square displacement, 21 with normal and anomalous diffusion. The crossovers between superdiffusive and diffusive regimes, 22 are strongly affected by both the driving field dynamics and cell-cell interactions. In this sense, 23 when cell polarization update grants information about the previous cellular displacement decreases 24 the duration of the diffusive regime, in particular for high density cultures.25