Alternation of flavonoid accumulation under drought stress in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Nakabayashi, Ryo; Mori, Tetsuya; Saito, Kazuki

doi:10.4161/psb.29518

Cited by 152 publications

(101 citation statements)

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“…Another recent study demonstrated that only a subset of Arabidopsis anthocyanins (A11, A9, A8 and A5) were induced in response to shortterm drought stress. 17 The anthocyanin profile induced by drought 17 was most similar to that induced in response to salt (MgSO 4 ) stress in our experiments. 4 Therefore, it is possible that plants exposed to drought and salt stresses take advantage of the same anthocyanin, or set of anthocyanins, whereas plants subjected to other abiotic stress conditions may benefit from different anthocyanin species.…”

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confidence: 57%

“…1A, bottom), as well as in roots of seedlings overexpressing PAP1. 17 These results show that both cotyledons with low photosynthetic activity and non-photosynthetic tissues under AIC favor the synthesis of A5 and not A11 as the major anthocyanin. In addition, A5 lacks the extra antioxidant capacity afforded by the sinapoyl group in A11, suggesting that A5 does not have a major role in protection against photosynthetically-derived ROS.…”

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confidence: 57%

“…A11 was the major anthocyanin induced in Arabidopsis in response to salt (MgSO 4 ) 4 and drought 17 stresses. The synthesis of A11 is metabolically more costly than C3G, an anthocyanin that has widespread occurrence in plant species, as A11 has 6 additional sugar and acyl decorations, and has 3 times the mass of C3G.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Abiotic stresses induce different localizations of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis

Kovinich

Kayanja

Chanoca

et al. 2015

Plant Signaling & Behavior

141

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Anthocyanins are induced in plants in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, excess light, and cold, where they often correlate with enhanced stress tolerance. Numerous roles have been proposed for anthocyanins induced during abiotic stresses including functioning as ROS scavengers, photoprotectants, and stress signals. We have recently found different profiles of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants exposed to different abiotic stresses, suggesting that not all anthocyanins have the same function. Here, we discuss these findings in the context of other studies and show that anthocyanins induced in Arabidopsis in response to various abiotic stresses have different localizations at the organ and tissue levels. These studies provide a basis to clarify the role of particular anthocyanin species during abiotic stress.Anthocyanins are plant pigments of the flavonoid subclass of phenylpropanoids characterized by a 3,5,7-trihydroxylated flavylium backbone. 1 The red-to-purple color imparted by anthocyanins to flowers, fruits, and seeds act as visual deterrents to herbivores, and attractants to pollinators and seed dispersers. Anthocyanins and other flavonoids also contribute to stress tolerance in plants. There is a growing interest in understanding the mechanisms by which anthocyanins help plants cope with abiotic stress, most importantly in the context of crop yield reduction due to global climate change. Anthocyanins are commonly induced in plant vegetative tissues in response to a number of different abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, excess light, sub-or supra-optimal temperatures, and nitrogen and phosphorous deficiency. 2-8 The proposed roles of anthocyanins during abiotic stresses include quenching of ROS, 9,10 photoprotection, 11,12 stress signaling, 13,14 and xenohormesis (i.e., the biological principle that relates bioactive compounds in environmentally stressed plants and the increase in stress resistance and survival in animals that feed from them). 15,16 Plants as a group produce hundreds of structurally distinct anthocyanin species. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) alone produces more than 20 different types of anthocyanins, but whether they have specific functions is unknown. Whereas all anthocyanins could have identical roles, the high metabolic cost of adding numerous decorations (e.g. sugar and acyl groups) to the flavylium backbone in the different anthocyanin species makes this scenario very unlikely.We recently reported that distinct profiles of anthocyanins are induced in seedlings of Arabidopsis in response to different abiotic stresses. 4 We analyzed seedlings grown in 8 abiotic stress conditions, including high salinity, cold, and an artificial stress medium termed anthocyanin induction condition (AIC), which consists of 3% sucrose and no additional nutrients. The fact that distinct profiles of anthocyanins are induced by different abiotic stresses suggested that different anthocyanins, or profiles of anthocyanins, have different function...

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Abiotic stresses induce different localizations of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis

Kovinich

Kayanja

Chanoca

et al. 2015

Plant Signaling & Behavior

141

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“…This is further supported by Arabidopsis thaliana tt5 and tt6 mutants that are highly sensitive to UV-B radiation due to reduced levels of UV-absorbing flavonoids (52). Similarly, some recently carried out experiments on A. thaliana revealed that dehydration stress induced alternation in the concentration of glycosides of kaempferol and quercetin (53). Abiotic stresses such as UV-B, salt, and dehydration cause the production of substantial amounts of ROS in plants leading to cell damage (48,54).…”

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confidence: 78%

Functional Characterization of CsBGlu12, a β-Glucosidase from Crocus sativus, Provides Insights into Its Role in Abiotic Stress through Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonols

Baba

Vishwakarma

Ashraf

2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Edited by Joseph JezGlycosylation and deglycosylation are impressive mechanisms that allow plants to regulate the biological activity of an array of secondary metabolites. Although glycosylation improves solubility and renders the metabolites suitable for transport and sequestration, deglycosylation activates them to carry out biological functions. Herein, we report the functional characterization of CsBGlu12, a ␤-glucosidase from Crocus sativus. CsBGlu12 has a characteristic glucoside hydrolase 1 family (␣/␤) 8 triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel structure with a highly conserved active site. In vitro enzyme activity revealed that CsBGlu12 catalyzes the hydrolysis of flavonol ␤-glucosides and cello-oligosaccharides. Site-directed mutagenesis of any of the two conserved catalytic glutamic acid residues (Glu 200 and Glu 414 ) of the active site completely abolishes the ␤-glucosidase activity. Transcript analysis revealed that Csbglu12 is highly induced in response to UV-B, dehydration, NaCl, methyl jasmonate, and abscisic acid treatments indicating its possible role in plant stress response. Transient overexpression of CsBGlu12 leads to the accumulation of antioxidant flavonols in Nicotiana benthamiana and confers tolerance to abiotic stresses. Antioxidant assays indicated that accumulation of flavonols alleviated the accretion of reactive oxygen species during abiotic stress conditions. ␤-Glucosidases are known to play a role in abiotic stresses, particularly dehydration through abscisic acid; however, their role through accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging flavonols has not been established. Furthermore, only one ␤-glucosidase 12 homolog has been characterized so far. Therefore, this work presents an important report on characterization of CsBGlu12 and its role in abiotic stress through ROS scavenging.Plants are sessile organisms that cannot escape their predators and the harsh environmental conditions. However, during the course of evolution, plants have learned to defend themselves and adapt to different types of biotic and abiotic stresses by synthesizing a diverse assortment of secondary metabolites. Many of these secondary metabolites are stored in inactive glycosylated forms. The glycosylation chemically stabilizes and enhances the solubility of the metabolites and renders them fit for storage in the vacuole and more so to protect the plant from the noxious effects of its own defense system (1). These glyconjugates are activated by the hydrolysis of the ␤-glucosidic bond by a class of enzymes called ␤-glucosidases. ␤-Glucosidases (EC 3.2.1.2.1) belong to family 1 of glycoside hydrolases and perform diverse and vital functions in plants, which include, but are not limited to, the activation of lignin precursors (2), release of glucose from oligosaccharides (3), release of phytohormones from inactive glycosides (4), and activation of several defense compounds (5-9). This process of glycosylation and deglycosylation offers an efficient mechanism that regulates the homeostasis of secon...

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“…Protective functions of anthocyanins have been suggested based on an increase of anthocyanins and the expression of related genes under different stress conditions (ChalkerScott 1999;Lo Piero et al 2005;Castellarin et al 2007;Nakabayashi et al 2014;San chita et al 2015). However, some studies have demonstrated that the anthocyanin content is not always increased under stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanins participate in protection of wheat seedlings from osmotic stress

Shoeva

Gordeeva

Арбузова

et al. 2017

Cereal Research Communications

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Plant secondary metabolites anthocyanins are considered to play a protective role. In bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), anthocyanins can be observed in both adult plants and seedlings. The aim of the current study was to investigate the putative role of anthocyanins present in grains and shoots with respect to the protection of seedlings against drought. For this purpose a set of near isogenic lines (NILs) differing in pericarp and coleoptile colour was used. Water stress was created by artificial shortage of moisture under laboratory conditions. Differences among the lines were observed in a way that the lines with dark-purple grains and coleoptiles (genotype Pp-D1Pp-D1Pp3Pp3Rc-A1Rc-A1Rc-D1Rc-D1) demonstrated a higher seedling drought tolerance than plants with uncoloured pericarp and lightpurple coleoptiles (pp-D1pp-D1pp3pp3Rc-A1Rc-A1rc-D1rc-D1). Furthermore, protection of the root system and the shoot was related with the presence of anthocyanins in grains and coleoptiles, respectively.

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Alternation of flavonoid accumulation under drought stress inArabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 152 publications

References 9 publications

Abiotic stresses induce different localizations of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis

Abiotic stresses induce different localizations of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis

Functional Characterization of CsBGlu12, a β-Glucosidase from Crocus sativus, Provides Insights into Its Role in Abiotic Stress through Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonols

Anthocyanins participate in protection of wheat seedlings from osmotic stress

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