“…However, while apoptosis activation is always desired in cancer treatment, autophagy has a much more complex role and can induce tumor suppression or tumor proliferation, depending on the tumor stage [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Due to increasing multidrug resistance in cancer, numerous studies are now using natural products to target NF-κB and induce apoptosis or autophagy, leading to cancer suppression [ 3 , 16 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Furthermore, many of these phytochemicals, such as curcumin, resveratrol, and lycopene, exert their anti-cancer activity not only by targeting NF-κB but also by controlling epigenetic modifications, which are key regulators of apoptosis and autophagy [ 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”