“…Furthermore, having sophisticated understanding and practices of classroom assessment is crucial for making informed instructional decisions to support desired learning (Abell & Siegel, 2011;NRC, 2014;Mertler & Campbell, 2005). Yet, research efforts have shown that it is difficult to change teachers" traditional understanding of classroom assessment, and changing teachers" classroom assessment practices is much more difficult (Ateh, 2015;Abell & Siegel, 2011;Black & Wiliam, 2006;Herman, Osmundson, Dai, Ringstaff, & Timms, 2015;Ruiz-Primo & Furtak, 2007, Serin, 2015. Thus, it is crucial to prepare assessment literate teachers and support them during their induction years, where most teachers face difficulties to transform their knowledge into classroom practice to both assess scientific knowledge and practices at the same time, as required by the Next Generation Science Standards (NRC, 2012).…”