Alternative fuels: An overview of current trends and scope for future

Sangeeta, .; Moka, Sudheshna; Pande, Maneesha; Rani, Monika; Gakhar, Ruchi; Sharma, Madhur; Rani, Jyoti; Bhaskarwar, Ashok N.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.01.023

Cited by 166 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…1 Hence, there is a strong need for alternative fuels. 2 Biofuels may provide a feasible solution to these problems due to their natural/renewable origin and their low pollutant emissions when compared to their fossil fuel counterparts. Bio-ethanol is obtained from a variety of feedstocks such as sugar cane, corn, sunflower, fruit, grain, cotton and agricultural waste material such as straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of gasoline/ethanol blends by infrared and excess infrared spectroscopy

Corsetti

Zehentbauer

McGloin

et al. 2015

Fuel

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Fuels for automotive propulsion are frequently blends of conventional gasoline and ethanol.However, the effects of adding an alcohol to a petrochemical fuel are yet to be fully understood. We report Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of ethanol/gasoline mixtures with systematically varied composition. Frequencies shifts and excess infrared absorbance are analyzed in order to investigate the mixture behavior at the molecular level.The spectroscopic data suggest that the hydrogen bonding between ethanol molecules is weakened upon gasoline addition, but the hydrogen bonds do not disappear. This can be explained by a formation of small ethanol clusters that interact via Van der Waals forces with the surrounding gasoline molecules. Furthermore, approaches for measuring the chemical composition of ethanol/gasoline blends by FTIR are discussed. For a simplistic approach based on the Beer-Lambert relation, an optimized set of parameters for quantitative measurements are determined. The best compromise between measurement sensitivity and accuracy is found for the CO stretching mode of the alcohol. For the traditional method of calibrating the ratio of integrated band intensities of the CH and OH stretching regions it is found that narrowing the spectral window of the CH stretch can significantly improve the measurement sensitivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of gasoline/ethanol blends by infrared and excess infrared spectroscopy

Corsetti

Zehentbauer

McGloin

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…But, during last few decades, the anxiety has been being arisen for not only the negative impact of fossil fuel on environment but also the scarcity of the resources of it. Hence, there are so many researchers around the world have been sweating to find out some environmentally friendly renewable energy technologies as the alternatives of fossil fuels [1,2]. The energy, having the characteristics of renewability, inexhaustibility and naturally replenished, is defined as renewable energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation on a single tubular SOFC for renewable energy based cogeneration system

Ullah

Akikur

Ping

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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a b s t r a c tHaving negative impacts on environment and the scarcity of resources of conventional fossil fuels, fuel cell technology draws more attention as an alternative for providing the electrical energy in parallel with thermal energy. In this study, a single tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with an electrolyte of YttriaStabilized Zirconia 8 mol% ceramic powder was experimentally investigated. The investigation illustrated the effects of three different fuel flow-rates (175 ml/min, 250 ml/min and 325 ml/min) and two operating temperatures (650°C and 750°C) on the output electrical and thermal powers. The highest electrical voltage (open circuit) and overall output power of the cell were found to be 1.1 V and 5.30 W respectively for the fuel flow-rate of 250 ml/min at the operating temperature of 750°C. The electrical power and efficiency were increased about 18.80% and 1.27% respectively for the increase of operating temperature from 650°C to 750°C for a constant fuel flow-rate of 250 ml/min, where; thermal power and efficiency were increased about 33.33% and 10.51% respectively for the same condition. The overall efficiencies of the fuel cell were obtained about 80.42%, 77.49% and 60.73% for the fuel flow-rates of 175 ml/min, 250 ml/min and 325 ml/min respectively for the operating temperatures of 650°C. On the other hand, the overall efficiency of the cell was found to be 83.38% at the operating temperature of 750°C and fuel flow-rate of 250 ml/min. The investigation recommends that for achieving higher efficiency, fuel flow-rate should be lower and operating temperature should be higher.

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“…[53]. commercialized in the EU with rapeseed/canola and sunflower oils, in the USA with soybean oil and animal fats, and in the tropical countries with palm oil [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, these feedstocks for the industrial production of 1st generation biodiesel fuel are edible oils which compete for fertile land with food production contributing to an increase in commodity food prices, to depletion of ecological resources and to the loss of biodiversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversions in green aqueous media. Part 8: Partial and full hydrogenation of renewable methyl esters of vegetable oils

et al. 2015

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Alternative fuels: An overview of current trends and scope for future

Cited by 166 publications

References 44 publications

Characterization of gasoline/ethanol blends by infrared and excess infrared spectroscopy

Characterization of gasoline/ethanol blends by infrared and excess infrared spectroscopy

An experimental investigation on a single tubular SOFC for renewable energy based cogeneration system

Catalytic conversions in green aqueous media. Part 8: Partial and full hydrogenation of renewable methyl esters of vegetable oils

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