Alternative perspective on photonic tunneling

Wang, Zhiyong; Xiong, Cai-Dong; He, Bing

doi:10.1103/physreva.75.013813

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…All discussions here are similar for any evanescent field inside a cut-off waveguide. In this paper, we show that evanescent off waveguide are also identical with to which, in fact, many theoretical and experimental investigations have presented a conclusion that the evanescent fields of the electromagnetic field can superluminally propagate [4][5][6][7][8][9], which are also due to the superluminal behaviors of near fields and does not violate causality.…”

Section: Evanescent Fields Inside a Cut-off Waveguide As Near Fieldssupporting

confidence: 62%

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

Wang¹,

Gou²,

Shi³

et al. 2013

OPJ

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Section: Evanescent Fields Inside a Cut-off Waveguide As Near Fieldssupporting

confidence: 62%

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

Wang¹,

Gou²,

Shi³

et al. 2013

OPJ

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“…gives the equations which are in some sense on an equal footing with the Dirac equation [2,3]. Likewise, one can apply the (1, 0) (0,1) ⊕ description to reformulating Maxwell equations as the so-called Dirac-like equation [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of gravitational spin–orbit coupling on the circular photon orbit in the Schwarzschild geometry

Wang¹,

Qiu²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Class. Quantum Grav.

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The (1, 0) (0,1) ⊕ representation of the group SL(2, C) provides a six-component spinor equivalent to the electromagnetic field tensor. By means of the (1, 0) (0,1) ⊕ description, one can treat the photon field in curved spacetime via spin connection and the tetrad formalism, which is of great advantage to study the gravitational spin-orbit coupling of photons. Once the gravitational spin-orbit coupling is taken into account, the traditional radius of the circular photon orbit in the Schwarzschild geometry should be replaced with two different radiuses corresponding to the photons with the helicities of 1 ± , respectively.Owing to the splitting of energy levels induced by the spin-orbit coupling, photons (from Hawking radiations, say) escaping from a Schwarzschild black hole are partially polarized, provided that their initial velocities possess nonzero tangential components.

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“…Several quantum mechanical (QM) and quantum electrodynamical (QED) calculations predicted that evanescent modes and tunneling of particles appear to propagate in zero time [3,9,11,12,13,14]. However, there arises a scattering time at the barrier entrance in agreement with the Hartman effect.…”

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confidence: 84%

Universal tunneling time for all fields

Nimtz

Stahlhofen

2008

Ann. Phys.

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Tunneling is probably the most important physical process. The observation that particles surmount a high mountain in spite of the fact that they don't have the necessary energy can not be explained by classical physics. However, this so called tunneling became allowed by the theory of quantum mechanics. Experimental tunneling studies with different photonic barriers from microwave frequencies up to ultraviolet frequencies pointed toward a universal tunneling time [1,2]. The observed results and calculations have shown that the tunneling time of opaque photonic barriers (for instance optical mirrors) equals approximately the reciprocal frequency of the electromagnetic wave in question. The tunneling process is described by virtual photons [3]. Virtual particles like photons or electrons are not observable. However, from the theoretical point of view, they represent necessary intermediate states between observable real states. In the case of tunneling there is a virtual particle between the incident and the transmitted particle. Tunneling modes have a purely imaginary wave number. They represent solutions of the Schrödinger equation and of the classical Helmholtz equation. The most prominent example of the occurrence of tunneling modes in optics is frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) at double prisms. In 1949 Sommerfeld [4] pointed out that this pseudo classical optical phenomenon represents the analogy of quantum mechanical tunneling. Recent experimental and theoretical data confirmed the conjecture that the tunneling process is characterized by a universal tunneling time independent of the kind of field. Tunneling proceeds at a time of the order of magnitude of the reciprocal frequency of the wave.Optical evanescent modes and solutions of quantum mechanical tunneling have a purely imaginary wave number. This means that they do not experience a phase shift in traversing space. The delay time τ of a propagating wave packet is given by the derivative τ = −dφ/dω,1

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Alternative perspective on photonic tunneling

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

The effect of gravitational spin–orbit coupling on the circular photon orbit in the Schwarzschild geometry

Universal tunneling time for all fields

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