Alternative respiratory pathway in ripening fruits

Neelwarne, Bhagyalakshmi

doi:10.1002/9781118789971.ch10

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Alternative oxidase (AOX) is the oxidase at the end of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain, which is widely present in higher plants and plays an important role in the control of ROS accumulation in mitochondria ( Fiorani et al, 2005 ; Xu et al, 2012b ). Studies have shown that AOX and its mediated cyanide-resistant respiration pathway are also involved in many physiological and biochemical processes of plants, such as flowering and pollination ( Meeuse, 1975 ), fruit ripening ( Xu et al, 2012a ; Neelwarne, 2015 ), resistance to adversity ( Selinski et al, 2018 ; Yu et al, 2021 ), delaying senescence ( Amor et al, 2000 ), and so on. Interestingly, it was found that inhibiting AOX affected the plant root development of olive ( Olea europaea L.), especially the development of lateral roots ( Santos Macedo et al, 2012 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Alternative Oxidase Inhibition Impairs Tobacco Root Development and Root Hair Formation

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Alternative oxidase (AOX) is the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain in plant cells and is critical for the balance of mitochondrial hemostasis. In this study, the effect of inhibition of AOX with different concentrations of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) on the tobacco root development was investigated. We show here that AOX inhibition significantly impaired the development of the main root and root hair formation of tobacco. The length of the main root of SHAM-treated tobacco was significantly shorter than that of the control, and no root hairs were formed after treatment with a concentration of 1 mM SHAM or more. The transcriptome analysis showed that AOX inhibition by 1 mM SHAM involved in the regulation of gene expression related to root architecture. A total of 5,855 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by comparing SHAM-treated roots with control. Of these, the gene expression related to auxin biosynthesis and perception were significantly downregulated by 1 mM SHAM. Similarly, genes related to cell wall loosening, cell cycle, and root meristem growth factor 1 (RGF1) also showed downregulation on SHAM treatment. Moreover, combined with the results of physiological measurements, the transcriptome analysis demonstrated that AOX inhibition resulted in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species in roots, which further induced oxidative damage and cell apoptosis. It is worth noting that when indoleacetic acid (20 nM) and dimethylthiourea (10 mM) were added to the medium containing SHAM, the defects of tobacco root development were alleviated, but to a limited extent. Together, these findings indicated that AOX-mediated respiratory pathway plays a crucial role in the tobacco root development, including root hair formation.

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