Alternative splicing (AS) mechanism plays important roles in response to different salinity environments in spotted sea bass

Genome-Wide Analysis of Alternative Splicing (AS) Mechanism Provides Insights into Salinity Adaptation in the Livers of Three Euryhaline Teleosts, including Scophthalmus maximus, Cynoglossus semilaevis and Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…In the present study, we found that the many DAS genes in the livers of all three species under different salinity environments were tightly related to RNA processing, especially RNA splicing. This result is largely consistent with previous observations in the salinity adaptation of spotted sea bass [ 28 ], heat tolerance of rainbow trout [ 24 ] and bacteria defense of channel catfish [ 61 ]. There were two common RNA splicing regulators ( celf1 and hnrnpm ) with DAS events in the livers of all three species under different salinity environments.…”

“…Thousands of AS events were identified and characterized, suggesting that AS could be a widespread phenomenon in the livers of the three species. Among these identified AS events, ES was the most frequent type, which is largely consistent with previous observation in teleosts, such as channel catfish [ 23 ], rainbow trout [ 24 ] and spotted sea bass [ 28 ]. As an important post-transcriptional regulation mechanism, AS events could generate different transcripts from the same pre-mRNA.…”

“…Numerous AS events are greatly induced (over a 20% increase) by high-salinity environment in both the liver and gills of spotted sea bass [ 28 ]. This finding suggests that AS may be an important regulator in response to salinity changes in spotted sea bass.…”

Alternative splicing plays key roles in response to stress across different stages of fighting in the fish Betta splendens

“…This result is consistent with previous findings that environmental stresses induce increases in AS events in various fish species. For example, 492 AS events were induced in the liver of channel catfish after heat stress [ 13 ]; 103 DAS genes were identified in the heart of Nile tilapia after hypoxia stress [ 14 ]; and 502 and 162 DAS events were identified in the gill and liver, respectively, of spotted sea bass under low- vs. high-salinity conditions [ 15 ]. These findings indicate the involvement of AS events as a mechanism for the regulation of gene expression to cope with stresses in B. splendens within the context of aggression.…”

“…AS represents a tightly regulated response to various stresses that leads to transcriptome plasticity. It is a key player in response to heat stress in catfish [ 13 ], hypoxia stress in Nile tilapia [ 14 ], and salinity stress in spotted sea bass fish [ 15 ] and has been associated with neurogenesis [ 16 ]. Five basic types of AS have been extensively studied, including exon skipping (ES), alternative 5’ splice site (A5SS), alternative 3’ splice site (A3SS), intron retention (IR), and mutually exclusive exon (MXE) [ 17 ].…”