Alternative transparent conducting electrode materials for flexible optoelectronic devices

Sharma, Sandeep; Shriwastava, Shilpi; Kumar, Sandeep; Bhatt, Kapil; Tripathi, C. C.

doi:10.1016/j.opelre.2018.06.004

Cited by 108 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Unfortunately, thin metal films show poor resistance to mechanical deformation [15]. This lessens the durability of flexible OLEDs, due to which other kinds of electrode materials have to be preferred for flexible device manufacturing [16]. Thanks to its transparency in the visible range, tunable electrical conductivity, suitable work function, and high flexibility and stretchability, PEDOT:PSS is now the most used electrode material for flexible devices, besides being economically advantageous [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible distributed Bragg reflectors as optical outcouplers for OLEDs based on a polymeric anode

Prontera

Pugliese

Giannuzzi

et al. 2020

Journal of Information Display

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Top-emitting OLEDs (TOLEDs) represent a promising technology for the development of nextgeneration flexible and rollable displays, thanks to their improved light outcoupling and their compatibility with opaque substrates. Metal thin films are the most used electrodes for the manufacturing of TOLEDs, but they show poor resistance to mechanical deformation, which compromises the long-term durability of flexible devices. This paper reports the exploitation of a dielectric mirror (DBR) based on seven pairs of TiO 2 and SiO 2 combined with a polymeric electrode as an alternative to the bottom metal electrode in flexible TOLEDs. The DBR showed a maximum reflectivity of 99.9% at about 550 nm, and a stop-band width of about 200 nm. The reflectivity remained unchanged after bending and treatment with water and solvents. Green TOLED devices were fabricated on top of DBRs, and demonstrated good stability in terms of electro-optical and colorimetric characteristics, according to varying viewing angles. These results demonstrate that the combination of the flexible DBR with the polymeric anode is an interesting strategy for improving the durability of flexible TOLEDs for display applications, implemented on different kinds of free-standing ultra-thin substrates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible distributed Bragg reflectors as optical outcouplers for OLEDs based on a polymeric anode

Prontera

Pugliese

Giannuzzi

et al. 2020

Journal of Information Display

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“…Transparent conductive electrodes are indispensable components for potential applications in optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, flexible displays, light emitting diodes, and touch screens [25][26][27][28]. Materials with high transmittance and adequate electrical conductivity are desired in such applications [29]; therefore, the most commonly used material is indium tin oxide (ITO) due to its good optical and electrical properties (e.g., transmittance~80% at visible wavelength and low sheet resistance <40 Ω/sq) [30].…”

Section: Transparent Conductive Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayered Nanostructures Integrated with Emerging Technologies

Braunger¹,

Hensel²,

Gaál³

et al. 2020

Multilayer Thin Films - Versatile Applications for Materials Engineering

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Surface and interface functionalization are crucial steps to introduce new functionalities in numerous applications, as faster dynamics occur on surfaces rather than bulk. Within this context, the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique is a versatile methodology to controllably form organized nanostructures from the spontaneous adsorption of charged molecules. It enables the assembly of multilayered LbL films on virtually any surface using non-covalent molecular interactions, allowing the nanoengineering of interfaces and creation of multifunctional systems with distinct building blocks (polymers, clays, metal nanoparticles, enzymes, organic macromolecules, etc.). Several applications require thin films on electrodes for sensing/ biosensing, and here we explore LbL films deposited on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) that were 3D-printed using the fusing deposition modeling (FDM) technique. IDEs covered with LbL films can be used to form multisensory systems employed in the analysis of complex liquids transforming raw data into specific patterns easily recognized by computational and statistical methods. We extend the FDM 3D-printing methodology to simplify the manufacturing of electrodes and microchannels, thus integrating an e-tongue system in a microfluidic device. Moreover, the continuous flow within microchannels contributes to faster and more accurate analysis, reducing the amount of sample, waste, and costs.

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“…Among various TCEs, Indium tin oxide (ITO) is most preferred as it wealth with attracting characteristics like high transmittance (~ 90%) and low sheet resistance (~ 10 Ω/sq.) [4]. Still, the quest to develop improved materials for flexible TCE applications is on, as ITO possesses practical limitations of its brittle nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, there is a requirement of alternate material for ITO as TCE. Several TCE materials like transparent conducting polymers (TCPs), metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene have been explored for replacing ITO [4,5]. Among these materials, both graphene and TCPs play a vital role due to their lightweight, low sheet resistance, high transparency, and flexibility [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of reduced graphene oxide modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate based transparent conducting electrodes for flexible optoelectronic application

et al. 2021

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Present article reports on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) based transparent conducting electrodes for flexible optoelectronic applications. PEDOT: PSS samples embedded with different rGO concentrations i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wt% were prepared and later on, bar coated on polyethylene terephthalate substrate using a 30 μm wire size bar. Various parameters including sheet resistance, bending test (outside and inside bending), optical transmittance etc. were estimated. Our analysis indicates that the samples with 1 wt% rGO possess improved results i.e. low sheet resistance (315 ± 8 Ω/sq.) and high transmittance (~ 74%). Additionally, the sample shows low electrical resistance variation up to 12% (maximum increase) during outward bending and 9% (maximum decrease) during inward bending of the sample for bending curvature from 20 to 100 m−1.

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Alternative transparent conducting electrode materials for flexible optoelectronic devices

Cited by 108 publications

References 102 publications

Flexible distributed Bragg reflectors as optical outcouplers for OLEDs based on a polymeric anode

Flexible distributed Bragg reflectors as optical outcouplers for OLEDs based on a polymeric anode

Multilayered Nanostructures Integrated with Emerging Technologies

Fabrication of reduced graphene oxide modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate based transparent conducting electrodes for flexible optoelectronic application

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