Alternative weed management strategies in conservation tillage systems for white beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)

Hooker, David C.; Vyn, Tony J.; Swanton, Clarence J.

doi:10.4141/p97-055

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Morse (1993) found fully mulched soil to have more moisture than partially mulched soil. Hooker et al (1998) found a higher incidence of white bean root rot in no tillage, compared to disked and conventional tillage, which they attributed to prolonged wet conditions observed in the no-tillage plots. In 2001, a combination of higher daily temperatures, lack of rainfall (Table 1), and lower rye residues throughout the growing season may have affected the ability of the soil to conserve moisture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Lonsbary¹,

O'Sullivan²,

Swanton³

2004

HortSci

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is grown using intensive tillage practices, which increase the cost of production and may lead to an increase in soil and water erosion. Research on alternative tillage practices for cucumber production has been limited primarily to exploring the benefits of no tillage. Alternative tillage practices, such as disking (one pass with a tandem disk) and zone tillage (one pass with a Trans-till) have not been investigated. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of reduced tillage practices on the growth, development, and yield of cucumbers. Seedling emergence varied between years, but was unaffected by a reduction in tillage, while cucumber leaf number, leaf area index, and vine growth were reduced by no tillage (P ≤ 0.05). Total dry matter accumulation and days to 50% open flower varied with tillage. No-tillage plots produced an average of 34 g·m-2 of dry matter compared to 47 g·m-2 for conventional tillage plots and took 1 day longer to reach 50% flower. Although growth differences were observed under all reduced tillage treatments, no reduction in total yield was observed when compared with conventional tillage yields. Alternative reduced tillage practices, such as disking or zone tillage, were found to be viable options for successful cucumber production. These alternative practices will reduce the cost of production, provide growers with greater time flexibility and ease of land preparation, and reduce the potential for water and wind erosion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Lonsbary¹,

O'Sullivan²,

Swanton³

2004

HortSci

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“…Rotary hoeing is most effective just before or shortly after weeds emerge (Gunsolus 1990;Oriade and Forcella 1999). A 50 to 80% drop in weed density following rotary hoeing has been reported (Buhler et al 1992;Forcella 2000;Hooker et al 1998;Lovely et al 1958). Weed size and hoeing frequency determine implement efficacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Management in a Legume-Cereal Cover Crop with the Rotary Hoe

Boyd

Brennan

2006

Weed technol.

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Substantial weed growth often occurs in legume-cereal cover-crop mixes commonly grown on organic vegetable farms. A 2-yr study at the USDA-ARS in Salinas, CA, was conducted to test the effect of zero, one, and two passes with a rotary hoe on weed control in a mixed cover crop of 10% rye, 15% common vetch, 15% purple vetch, 25% peas, and 35% bell bean. Rotary hoeing occurred 14–15 days after planting (DAP) in the one-pass treatment, and 14 and 28 DAP in the two-pass treatment. Rotary hoeing did not affect total cover-crop density or biomass in either year, but reduced rye density and biomass in year 2. One pass reduced total weed density by 69% in year 1 and 49% in year 2. A second pass did not affect weed density in year 1 but reduced weed density an additional 33% in year 2. One pass decreased weed biomass in year 1, whereas two passes were required to reduce weed biomass in year 2. Rotary hoeing reduced seed shed by chickweed and shepherd's-purse seeds, the two predominant weed species, by 80 to 95% in both years. Rotary hoe efficacy depended on weather conditions directly before and after cultivation. The decision to repeat rotary hoeing should be based upon field scouting and weather conditions following the initial pass with the rotary hoe.

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“…Environmental and economic considerations have led to the widespread adoption of conservation tillage systems in soybean (Glycine max) in Ontario, Canada. A 1996 estimate showed that about 35% of the soybean crop in Ontario was produced under some form of conservation tillage (Hooker et al 1998). Control of existing weeds has been a major barrier to the success of such tillage systems (Nowak 1983; Wilson and Worsham 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Economic Assessment of Weed Control Strategies in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)¹

Swanton

Shrestha²,

Chandler³

et al. 2000

Weed Technology

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Applying glyphosate relative to the growth stage of soybean is important for maximizing weed control and profits in glyphosate-resistant soybean under no-till systems. A study was conducted in Ontario for 4 yr to evaluate the effectiveness and gross return on the timing and sequence of applications of glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant no-till soybean. Percent control of various weed species varied among years due to environmental conditions. Timing of glyphosate was critical relative to weed emergence and determined the success of the treatment in terms of optimum soybean yield and gross return. Soybean yield and gross return approximated that the critical period for weed control in glyphosate-resistant no-till soybean was the unifoliolate to the one- to three-trifoliolate stage. Sequential applications of glyphosate provided higher soybean yield and gross return than a single preplant application of glyphosate. Glyphosate applied preplant or at the unifoliolate stage followed by a second application at the one- to three-trifoliolate stage consistently provided maximum average soybean yield and gross return. Gross return of the sequential glyphosate treatments was also more consistent across variable soybean price scenarios. Competition from uncontrolled later emerging weeds resulted in soybean yield loss with the single preplant application of glyphosate. Competition from uncontrolled early-emerging weeds reduced soybean yields when glyphosate was applied only at the one- to three-trifoliolate stage of soybean. Overall, two weed control strategies were identified: (1) two applications of glyphosate, the first at preplant to the unifoliolate stage, followed by a second application at the one- to three-trifoliolate stage of soybean, (b) first application of glyphosate at the unifoliolate stage followed by a second application at the one- to three-trifoliolate stage of soybean if later emerging weeds exceeded threshold densities.

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Alternative weed management strategies in conservation tillage systems for white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Weed Management in a Legume-Cereal Cover Crop with the Rotary Hoe

An Economic Assessment of Weed Control Strategies in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)¹

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Alternative weed management strategies in conservation tillage systems for white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Reduced Tillage Alternatives for Machine-harvested Cucumbers

Weed Management in a Legume-Cereal Cover Crop with the Rotary Hoe

An Economic Assessment of Weed Control Strategies in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)1

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An Economic Assessment of Weed Control Strategies in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)¹