Alternatives to low birthweight as a population-level indicator of infant and child health

Hennessy, Daneeta; Torvaldsen, Siranda; Bentley, Jason; Bowen, Jennifer R.; Moore, Helen; Roberts, Christine L.

doi:10.17061/phrp31122106

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…We used birth weight as a surrogate for preterm birth because low birth weight is a result of preterm birth or intrauterine growth restriction 37 and our data on gestational age were incomplete. 38 These early-life factors might have influenced choice of soy formula feeding and have been associated with fibroid prevalence, though the studies are few, and data are limited. Maternal fibroid history was assessed as a potential confounder, but it did not affect observed associations between soy formula feeding and fibroid development, so it was not included in final models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soy-Based Infant Formula Feeding and Uterine Fibroid Development in a Prospective Ultrasound Study of Black/African-American Women

Langton

Harmon

Upson

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Uterine fibroids are highly prevalent, benign tumors. They are the leading indication for hysterectomy, and Black women are disproportionally burdened. Soy-based infant formula contains phytoestrogens, and exposure during sensitive developmental windows may adversely affect the developing uterus; early phytoestrogen treatment in rodent studies led to detrimental uterine effects, including increased fibroid risk in Eker rats. Limited epidemiological studies also have suggested increased fibroid development with soy formula infant feeding. Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the association between soy formula feeding in infancy and fibroid development in adulthood. Methods: We evaluated this association among 1,610 Black/African-American women age 23–35 y in the Study of Environment, Lifestyle & Fibroids (SELF). Soy formula feeding data was gathered directly from the participants’ mothers (89%). A standardized ultrasound examination was conducted during 4 clinic visits over 5 y to detect fibroids in diameter. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between soy formula feeding and incident fibroids adjusted for early-life and adult factors. Fibroid growth was calculated as change in log-volume for fibroids matched at successive visits. Results: Of 1,121 fibroid-free participants at baseline, 150 (13%) were ever fed soy formula as infants, and 269 (24%) developed incident fibroids. We did not observe an association between ever being fed soy formula and incident fibroid risk ( ; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.54). However, participants fed soy formula within 2 months of birth and for ( ) had an elevated risk of fibroid incidence in comparison with those never fed soy formula ( ; 95% CI: 0.92, 2.65). Fibroid growth rates did not differ. Discussion: Adding support to limited human data, this prospective fibroid study found that soy-based formula feeding during infancy was associated with a suggestive increase in risk of ultrasound-identified incident fibroids in adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11089

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soy-Based Infant Formula Feeding and Uterine Fibroid Development in a Prospective Ultrasound Study of Black/African-American Women

Langton

Harmon

Upson

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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Being a First Nations baby is not independently associated with low birthweight in a large metropolitan health service

Pervin,

Kearney,

Giudice

et al. 2024

Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco

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AimTo examine low birth weight (LBW) in First Nations babies born in a large metropolitan health service in Queensland, Australia.Materials and MethodsA retrospective population‐based study using routinely collected data from administrative data sources. All singleton births in metropolitan health services, Queensland, Australia of ≥20 weeks gestation or at least 400 g birthweight and had information on First Nations status and born between 2019 and 2021 were included. The study measured birthweight and birthweight z‐score, and also identified the predictors of LBW. Multivariate regression models were adjusted by demographic, socioeconomic and perinatal factors.ResultsFirst Nations babies had higher rates of LBW (11.4% vs 6.9%, P < 0.001), with higher rates of preterm birth (13.9% vs 8.8%, P < 0.001). In all babies, the most important factors contributing to LBW were: maternal smoking after 20 weeks of gestation; maternal pre‐pregnancy underweight (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2); nulliparity; socioeconomic disadvantage; geographical remoteness; less frequent antenatal care; history of cannabis use; pre‐existing cardiovascular disease; pre‐eclampsia; antepartum haemorrhage; and birth outcomes including prematurity and female baby. After adjusting for all contributing factors, no difference in odds of LBW was observed between First Nations and non‐First Nation babies.ConclusionsFirst Nations status was not an independent factor influencing LBW in this cohort, after adjustment for identifiable factors. The disparity in LBW relates to modifiable risk factors, socioeconomic disadvantage, and prematurity. Upscaling culturally safe maternity care, focusing on modifiable risk factors is required to address LBW in Australian women.

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Alternatives to low birthweight as a population-level indicator of infant and child health

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Soy-Based Infant Formula Feeding and Uterine Fibroid Development in a Prospective Ultrasound Study of Black/African-American Women

Soy-Based Infant Formula Feeding and Uterine Fibroid Development in a Prospective Ultrasound Study of Black/African-American Women

Being a First Nations baby is not independently associated with low birthweight in a large metropolitan health service

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