Altitude Illness in Qinghai–Tibet Railroad Passengers

Wu, Tian Yi; Ding, Shou Quan; Zhang, Sheng Lin; Duan, Jin Qing; Li, Bao Yu; Zhan, Zhong Yan; Wu, Qin Li; Baomu, Suo-Lung; Liang, Bao Zhu; Han, Shu Rang; Jie, Yu; Li, Gang; Sun, Linlin; Kayser, Bengt

doi:10.1089/ham.2009.1047

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, it has been demonstrated that the prevalence of AMS is even greater and scarcely changes over the time, remaining at up to 50% in a mild form, after 12 years or more spent working in these shifts [11,15]. …”

Section: Chronic Intermittent Exposure To High-altitude Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity as a Conditioning Factor for High-Altitude Diseases

et al. 2017

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Obesity, a worldwide epidemic, has become a major health burden because it is usually accompanied by an increased risk for insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and even some kinds of cancer. It also results in associated increases in healthcare expenditures and labor and economic consequences. There are also other fields of medicine and biology where obesity or being overweight play a major role, such as high-altitude illnesses (acute mountain sickness, hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, and chronic mountain sickness), where an increasing relationship among these two morbid statuses has been demonstrated. This association could be rooted in the interactions between obesity-related metabolic alterations and critical ventilation impairments due to obesity, which would aggravate hypobaric hypoxia at high altitudes, leading to hypoxemia, which is a trigger for developing high-altitude diseases. This review examines the current literature to support the idea that obesity or overweight could be major conditioning factors at high altitude.

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Section: Chronic Intermittent Exposure To High-altitude Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity as a Conditioning Factor for High-Altitude Diseases

et al. 2017

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“…The primary cause of AMS is atmospheric hypoxia, or a low oxygen level in the organs and tissues due to low partial pressure of oxygen (PAO 2 ) in air. [1][2][3] Hypoxia is involved the major biological pathways that contribute to human pathogeneses of the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, neurophysiology, oncology, transplantation, and infectious diseases. 4 When the PAO 2 of air is less than 8 kPa (60 mmHg), the arterial oxygen content (CaO 2 ) and the arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ) can significantly decrease and cause hypotonic hypoxemia (low arterial oxygen pressure, low saturation of hemoglobin by oxygen, and high hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen enrichment and its application to life support systems for workers in high-altitude areas

Liu

2014

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Background: Workers coming from lowland regions are at risk of developing acute mountain sickness (AMS) when working in low oxygen high-altitude areas. Objectives: The aim of this study was to improve the conditions that lead to hypoxia and ensure the safety of the high-altitude workers. We analyzed the influence of low atmospheric pressure on the oxygen enrichment process in high-altitude areas using an engineering method called low-pressure swing adsorption (LPSA). Methods: Fourteen male subjects were screened and divided into three groups by type of oxygen supply system used: (1) oxygen cylinder group; (2) LPSA oxygen dispersal group; and (3) control group. These tests included arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ), pulse rate (PR), breaths per minute (BPM), and blood pressure (BP). Results:The results showed that after supplying oxygen using the LPSA method at the tunnel face, the SaO 2 of workers increased; the incidence of acute mountain sickness, PR, and BPM significantly decreased. Conclusions: The LPSA life support system was found to be a simple, convenient, efficient, reliable, and applicable approach to ensure proper working conditions at construction sites in high-altitude areas.

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“…A large number of people live at a high altitude of more than 3000 meters around the world, especially in China (Wu et al, 2010). Moreover, there are also a number of people that ascend daily to these altitudes and are repeatedly exposed to hypoxia (Farias et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Promotes Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in ApoE-Deficient Mice

Jiang

Jin

et al. 2013

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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. Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia promotes atherosclerotic plaque instability in ApoE-deficient mice. High Alt Med Biol 14:175-180, 2013.-Aim: Sudden cardiac death is one of the most frequent causes of death at high altitude. It has been reported that the intermittent normobaric hypoxia experienced by patients with obstructive sleep apnea may enhance the development of atherosclerosis. However, the effect of hypobaric hypoxia, which mimics the ambient air at high altitude, in the development of atherosclerosis has not been investigated. Methods: Twenty male ApoE-deficient mice, 8 weeks of age, were subjected to either control conditions or intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) for 8 weeks. Mice in the IHH group were exposed to a hypobaric chamber that replicated the hypobaric hypoxia conditions found at 4000 m altitude for 8 hours a day. Results: IHH-exposed mice did not significantly differ from control mice in plasma lipid levels, including triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein. The hematoxylin and eosinstained sections of the aortic root showed similar plaque size between the groups. However, IHH-treated mice exhibited significantly decreased plaque collagen content, a feature of atherosclerotic plaque stability. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 protein expression was significantly increased, whereas tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-2 expression was decreased after exposure to IHH. Conclusion: IHH may promote atherosclerotic plaque instability in ApoE-deficient mice by changing the balance of MMPs and TIMPs.

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Altitude Illness in Qinghai–Tibet Railroad Passengers

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Obesity as a Conditioning Factor for High-Altitude Diseases

Obesity as a Conditioning Factor for High-Altitude Diseases

Oxygen enrichment and its application to life support systems for workers in high-altitude areas

Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Promotes Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in ApoE-Deficient Mice

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